90 
THE SOUTHERN CU 1 .TIVATOR. 
liiiirope, about 4UJ.U'J0 lbs. per year ; and u! the 
large bone, whicn are iirinL'ipally used (or the 
lerrules and buns of \vhi[) stocks, and the man- 
ufacture of buttons, about 130, OOd pieces.— 
These quamities are e.'tclusive of the amount 
consumed here, which is very considerable, par- 
ticularly of the former kind. A lew years ago, 
nothing of the kiiiil was done here, and, as tar 
as bone was concerned, was entirely a waste. 
The prices here, are, lor the small, $16 per ten. 
A large contract closes with 1844, lor export to 
Europe, at that rate, packages included ; and for 
the latter, $10 per lOOO pieces. The price last 
year was $8. 
Soap grease is the great staple of this Vesu- 
vius, very large quantities of which are ship- 
ped to the Eastern cities. Forty thousand dol- 
lars worth was mentioned to us as the value of 
what is at this time on sale in New York alone. 
The prices here now are, four cents for No. 1, 
and three and a half for No. 2. 
One of the other articles made to a great ex- 
tent, is neals’foot oil, from The nether legs and 
hoof. This sells at wholesale at sixty -two to 
seveniy-five cents per gallon. 
Another is sausage skins, with which not on- 
ly our own market is supplied, bat shipments 
are constantly making to the South and East. — 
They sell nere at $10 per keg — size, the same 
as common lard kegs. 
Rogs’ bristles are another thing prepared by 
this atid other hou.ses, or house in the city, and 
of this article large shipments are also made, 
both of the combed and tied, used by saddlers, 
shoemakers, &•., and of the curled. Thefoi- 
mer kind sells at 20 to 25 cents per lb. The 
curled are used for the same purposes to which 
curled hair is a pplied— mailrasses, cushioned 
cbaiis, solas, &c. Whoever thought of repos- 
ing on a pig’s back ? 
One other thing we learned in this, our eve- 
ning ramble, was, that vve have with us a man- 
ufactory ol Prussian Blue. The stock from 
which it is made is cattle’s hoofs, and plucks, 
and the blood of hogs and cattle. The hoofs 
command $16 per ton. The manufacturer is a 
German. It is but a year or eighteen months 
.since U" commenced operations, and cannot be 
said to be I'-iuiy under way, but has suliieiently 
tested the experiment clearly to demonstrate the 
practicability of successfully competing wiili 
i.ne for-^i^n article, both a.s to quality and price, 
and be e.xpecis in a tew years tube able to con- 
sume a very large proportion of the blood' to be 
obtained here. 
W e were also told ol an instance of a foreign 
de nand for blood. Tlte facts we have stated 
are a few instances of the economy with which 
‘■cience is capable of making us acquainted, 
and of the value of the skill by which it can be 
effected. Shall we cultivate the arts and scien- 
ce.^, and encourage skill and enterprise in our 
country] 
The Protective System. 
Though we have been frequently admonished 
by our friends not to meddle with any thing con- 
nec-ed, in the remotest deg.^ee, with politics; 
and though we stand pledged to the public to 
abstain from such meddling, yet we must for 
once disregard the admonitions, and violate our 
pledge. The temptation is so great, we can’t 
withstand it. The following article suits the 
state of things in the South so admirably, that 
we must republish it, let the consequences be 
what they may-' trusting, however, that our 
readers will overlook this deviation from our 
prescribed course, in consideration of the plea- 
sure they will have to find that even in Indiana, 
a State settled chiefly by Yankees, things are 
managed, in some respects, pretty much as they 
are in our own blessed land of sunshine and 
wastefulness. 
APLE.4FOR THE PROTECTIVE POLICY. 
Mr Hatch— Now that the heat of politics 
is somewhat subsiding, will you allow me to 
exhibit some of the disastrous results which 1 
have witnessed in Indiana, by rea.son ot the al- 
most universal piejudice against a jnolcctive 
policy. 1 am very sure that there are sorfie chap- 
ters ill the subject of protection which our far- 
mers have not had presented to them. In con- 
sequence of the loose notions prevalent on this 
subject, almost all the farms of Indiana are 
tlesiitute of barns, stables, sheep-cotes, pig-pens, 
and hen houses. There are to be sure thingx 
very bumorou.s!y and hoxncaWy called stables. 
Seveial times during the pas', summer, sudden 
showers have driven me into these stables. — 
They are very artfully constructed; for while 
they seemed designed to protect from the rain 
and wind, they in fact are made to answer the 
purposes ot both. The shingles or clapboards 
are so arranged as to bring the rain in streams 
through into the enclosure ; and the sides are 
adjusted so as to produce an admirable draft for 
the wind. 1 do not know how a horse coukl be 
showered and chilled more effectually than in the 
Hoosier stables. But the great part of all the 
herds and flocks are left without any protection, 
through our trying winters, except such as their 
instincts can devise. 
To begin with the least; Turkeys and hens 
are lelt to roost upon trees, bushes, fences, 
well-curbs (and as looking down into the well 
might make them dizzy, they very properly turn 
their head the other way, which, besides being 
safer, ensures the concealment of their manure, 
otiierwi^e ofiensive to the eye.) The reasons 
for anti-prolection in this case are, doubtless: — 
1. The necessity ol hardening the constitutions 
of fowls; 2. To give roosters finer astronomi- 
cal observations, that their crowing ti,me may 
correspond to the true sidereal time; 3. But 
chiefly as an act of reciprocity to coons, foxes 
and weasels, who are known to sympathize 
very heartily in the popular doctrines ot Free 
F ra.de. 
The condition in which sheepare left through 
the winter, shows that our tanners have calcu- 
lated that wool needs no protection. 
My sympathies are every year enlisted in be- 
half ol cows and cattle upon our farms, and in 
our villages. No one can walk the streets of 
Indianapolis, without meeting the supplicatory 
glances ol most forlorn cows at every nook, 
where they may hide from the piercing west and 
northern wind.- Many of them are left to sub- 
sist by picking at the dry grass, seared by the 
frosts, or by ranging the woods for weeds, and 
even tender shoots of trees. I have seen out- 
line cows craunching straw from crockery- 
crates, and litter from the stables, with a raven- 
ous appetite. Perhaps their owners think that 
a cow can make milk with straw as easily as 
the Hebrews did brick. But these operations 
are very different, I think, though I have not 
tried either. 
'\Ylieii 1 ventured one day meekly to expos- 
tulate with a crusty anti-proieciionist on the 
subject, he sharply told me to “go to grass with 
myself,” and I could only reply, “that his cow 
needed that mission more than I did.” Around 
our cabins, and about farm houses of more pre- 
tension, may be seen a bevy uf shivering ciea- 
tures— crumpled with cold, or drenched with 
chiding rains, or coated with sleet. 
In a still moonUghr night, when a sound may 
be heard for miles— when the cracking foot-steps 
ol' a benighted traveller would echo through a 
whole village, how often have I heard the melo- 
dious murmuring of some dozens of swine, 
which have crept into aheap in the open air, to 
keep themselves warm. Their views of the 
ruinous effect ol the anti-protecti ve policy, are 
uttered at first in staccato grunts — these now and 
then swell out to a longer cadence and quite a 
number in chorus. And as some little pig in- 
sinuates himself under some veteran, there com- 
mences such a performance by the whole com- 
pany, with varieties of' tone, movement, and 
pan, as I am bold to say, Mozart neverdreamed 
of with all his music. 
Waatever may be the effect of these notions 
against domestic I am entirely certain 
- . 
that they work ruin tu the gieai depaitmeni of 
Internal Improvement. I beseech of you to ex- 
ert your editorial authority to persuade our far- 
mers to redeem some of tlieir waste linie Irom 
politics and sprees, and devote it to the purposes 
of domestic protection. B. 
(JDriginal Commitnications, 
Plantation Economy. 
Mn. Camak: — It is really with some hesita- 
tion and misgivings that I venture to give you 
some of my ideas about farming in Georgia. 
There is so much agricultural bombast (mis- 
named scientific Agriculture) afloat, and the 
public taste appearing to receive that kind of 
thing so freely, that I fear any effort ol mine to 
stop that conduct, and get farmers to try my 
mode of thinking and acting, would be, not on y 
unsuccessful, but probably unpleasant; still, il 
would please me to be useful to the cause of ag- 
riculture, as I expect to devote the remainder of 
my life to that vocation ; and it is with me a bu- 
siness of love as wel> as profit. 
In farming, as well as in every thing else, 
every thing is simple when it is, well understood; 
and the fault is, not that we know loo little, but 
that we know too madi. In a way, we have a 
little smattering of every thing, from Liebig 
down; and are so exceedingly deficient in the 
simple elements and practical manipulations, 
that we are incapable of practically and econo- 
mically applying and using one useful idea. 
At the present prices of produce, 1 see no 
prospect of prices ever being very high again ; 
the principal profits of a farm must be derived 
from its economy ; — I mean in the application of 
labor, as well as in the use of its product: and 
no man can justly be called an economist, who 
does not attend to small mahers as well as small 
accounts. I go farther, f insist that no man can 
comprehend his business w’ell, nor construet 
those belter rules for its management, who is not 
intimately acquainted with the details; who 
does not understand well the elements of those 
ideas that he is attempting to systematize. 
Well, if this be true, what a deplorable eondition 
of things we have around us! How many of 
our agricultural teachers know any thing of the 
first elements, or the manipulations of the busi- 
ness they are lecturing on ] They can tell you 
all about ammonia, talk to you of oxygen, car- 
bonic acid, sub-soil plows, hill-side ditches, how 
to make manure in your stock lots, and spread 
it on your lands, and probably they may. know 
something of diastase and its function in a ger- 
minating seed. All these are useful ideas. I 
like to see them in their proper place, and intro- 
duced to the people in a practical way. But 
when they give us Iheir modus operondi, it is too 
expensive. We can’t dive too deep into na- 
ture’s laws, provided we succeed in getting truth ; 
but we can very foolishly and ruinously misap- 
ply — miseconomi-^^e a good idea. 
One of the great secrets in the success ol 
farming, is to be able to select and use cheaply 
the peculiar resources that each man finds about 
his particular location. Here is economy again, 
and requires an intimate knowledge of facts as 
well as discrimination'. In fact, we may go 
through any farm that I know of, and 1 believe 
that 20 per cent, can be gained by a more judi- 
cious or economical application of the resour- 
ces and efforts used, and pertaining to the farm. 
If this is true, would we not do well to com- 
mence our agricultural studies in the alphabet; 
and not commence reading until after we have 
past cru-ci-fz. 
Man has been defined to be a tool-making ani- 
mal. I believe when he goes into the field to 
work, he always takes some tools with him. 
Well, would it not be better tor him to alw’ays 
select the most suitable ones, and then learn how 
tou=e them to the best advantage? How much 
of the success of a farm depends on the plows 
used, and how few persons have devoted atten- 
tion to the structure and improvement of plows! 
On that subject I am sure great improvements 
can be made, and profitable economy used, both 
