24 
THE SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
®:i)e Soutl)crn €ulti»ator. 
AUGUSTA, GA. 
VOI.. BV., P<iO. 2 FEKRUAttBY, 1846. 
To ScBsCRIBSRS —Persons sending money for Sub- 
scriptions to the Southern Cultivator, are particu- 
larly requested to send it to the Publishers at Augusta, 
and not to the Editor at Athens By sending to Athens, 
the necessity is imposed on the Editor of writing to 
the Publishers, enclosing the money, and incurring the 
expense of postage ; and the Subscriber loses time in 
getting his paper. All this may just as well be avoid- 
ed. - — The Editor. 
*,* We received Mr. Uammond’s Anniversary Oration 
before the Burke County Central Agricultural Society, 
after our arrangements for the February Number of 
the Cultivator, had gone too far to be conveniently 
altered, It must, therefore, lie over for March. 
*,’VVe have received from the Author, a copy of “An 
Essay upon the Wheat-Jly, and some species allied to 
it,” by Asa Fitoh, M. D., of Salem, N. Y. It is a re- 
print of the article in No. 2, Vol II., of the American 
Quarterly Journal of Agriculture and Science. 
*,* We are indebted to Dr. Joseph E Muse, of Ma- 
ryland, for a copy of his “Address to the Agricultural 
Society of Newcastle, Delaware, at their tenth Annual 
Meeting, Sept. 16, 1845.” 
’;,*In reply to a request made some time ago, that 
we would publish in the Cultivator, Judge Butler’s 
Address to the South Carolina State Agricultural So- 
ciety at Newberry Court House, last fall, we have to 
say, that we have not been able to get a copy of it. In- 
deed, we do not believe it has been published in South 
Carolina yet. 
Tobacco. 
There are two articles in this paper that will 
be interesting to those who are engaged in the 
culture of Tobacco : one a letter from Connecti- 
cut, another concerning the culture of that arti- 
cle in Mason county, Kentucky. Two thousand 
pounds per acre arc said to be raised in Connec- 
ticut. It is planted there very thick — two feet 
one way, by thirty to thirty-three inches the 
other — and by the way, this eloss planting is 
said to be a very important secret in the produc- 
tion of good segar leaf. The knowledge of it 
was taken by some Tobacco buyers from Con- 
necticut to Mason county, Kentucky; and it is 
saui that to the knowdedge of this secret. Mason 
county, Kentucky, owes the celebrity of its to- 
bacco, Those who are engaged in ihe culture 
of tobacco in the Southern States would do 
well to remember this. 
Jfew England Lilberalitj’, 
The Rhode Island Society for the encourage- 
ment of Domestic Industry, recently paid to the 
editor of the New England Farmer, one hun- 
dred and fifty dollars tor copies of that paper to 
be distributed as Agricultural premiums. Is it 
any wonder that both agriculture and agricul- 
tural papers thrive where people act thus? 
Herein we have one of the reasons why New 
England looks, almost everywhere, like a 'well 
tilled garden. 
The Orange Tree Insect. 
Our friends on the seacoast of Georgia and 
in Florida, are doubtless aware that a specific 
against the scaly insect, that has wrought such 
devastation a-nong the far-famed orange groves 
of St. Augustine, has been discovered in England. 
Has it been tried in this country? Or is the 
American insect the same that infests o.range 
trees in England? Mr. Downing, in his 
“ Fruits and Fruit Trees of America,” page 543, 
says:*-The orange plantations of Florida have 
suffered very severely within a few years, from 
the attack of the scale insect {Coccus Hisperidum,) 
which in some cases has spread over w'hole 
plantations and gradually destroyed all the trees. 
It is the same small, oval, brownish insect so 
common in our green-houses, which adheres 
closely to the bark and underside of the leaves. 
All efforts to subdue it in Florida have been near- 
ly unavailing. 
A specific, however, Mr- D. says, against i his 
insect has lately been discovered in England. It 
i§ the use ofthecommon Chamomile. It is sta- 
ted that merely hanging up bunches of fresh 
chamomile herb in the branches, destroys the 
scaled insect, and that cultivating the plants at 
the roots of the trees, is an effectual prevent- 
ive to the attacks of this insect. Where the 
bark and leaves are much infested, we re- 
commend the stem and branches to be well 
washed with an infusion of fresh chamomile in 
water, and the foliage to be well syringed with 
the same. Repeating this once or twice, will 
probably effectually rid the trees of the scaled 
insect. 
Wooden Slices. 
Is not the suggestion contained in the follow- 
ing article, w'hich v.'e find in the S. C. Temper- 
ance Advozate, a very important one? Every 
one who has seen negroes standing all day on 
damp ground, in winter time, gathering cotton, 
must have been impressed with the necessity of 
something more than leather between the feet 
and the cold earth, for the health and comfort of 
the laborer. 
“ We all know that the diseases to which our 
negroes are most exposed originate from careless 
exposure to wet and cold; besides that, every 
farmer, all the world over, is subject to rheumat- 
ic afflictions, owing chiefly to the necessity of 
working on wet ground. Now, all through the 
North of the European continent, from the river 
Weser to the Atlantic, the people wear wooden 
shoes. Young and old, men and women, in town 
or country, walk and work in this shoe, which 
unites the acceptable qualities of cheapness, 
warmth and dryness, it is not because the peo- 
ple are poor that they wear the wooden shoes. 
The ra st substantial farmer, the industrious bur- 
gher ol the town, the manufacturer, wear it as 
well as the poorest day-laborer, and if jou were 
to ask th^'ni whether they would prefer the 
leather shoe, th y would laugh at you. Why then 
should we not introduce this useful article among 
our negroes? We have the best wood for it, and 
could easily train a hand or two on every large 
plantation to, make them. A pair of wooden 
shoes, jf in constant use, will lasion hard ground 
and pavement, full three months, if made of com- 
mon European pine wood, which is softer than 
ours. But we have better wood for the purpose 
than pine. I allow that at first the negroes 
would be prejudiced against them, as all illite- 
rate people object to every thing new ; but by 
the offer of premiums, their reluctance might be 
ea.sily overcome. I make no doubt but that 
many pulmonary diseases can be prevented by 
the wooden shoe. The trial ought to be made, 
for the matter is of an elementary importance. 
A dozen or two of wooden shoes can be easily 
imported from, France, to have the necessary 
patterns, Columbiensis.” 
The Clergy aud Agriculture. 
Most heartily do we wish that every clergy* 
man in the Southern States was of the same 
mind with the Rev. Mr. Choules on the sub- 
ject ®f Agriculture and Horticulture. If they 
were, and would exert their influence among 
their people, in this direction, a very few years 
would suffice to work a thorough change in the 
whole face of the country. And why should 
they not use their very powerful influence in 
producing a result so very desirable? They 
must be, one and all of them, fully aware of the 
effect of a prevalence of the love of trees, flowers 
and landscape gardening, not only on the physi- 
cal aspect of the country, but also on the moral 
sentiments of the people who inhabit it : — for it 
is a common remark that oil and water will as 
soon commingle freely, as that pure selfishness, 
misanthropy and wickedness shall exist in the 
same bosom wiih a love of flowers and trees. 
How manifold and how appropriate are the ihus- 
Irations of the great truths which it is their mis- 
sion to teach that are furnished by scientific 
agriculture. Every blade of grass, every flower, 
fruit, shrub and tree — seed time and harvest, 
the ever changing seasons — what are they but 
manifestations of Supreme goodness and wis- 
dom ? 
The Jesuits understood all this perfectly ; and 
hence the extreme care with which the choicest 
flowqrs, shrubs and ornamental trees were culti- 
vated around all their establishments. Nor was 
the useful neglecied in their devoti.in to the or- 
namental. Their fruits were famous, both for 
kind and quality. To them Europe is indebted , 
for the introduction ol the silk worm — Louisia- 
na, for the sugar cane. Following the bloody 
steps of the conquerors of Mexico and Peru, the 
Catholic Priests planted the choicest fruits and 
flowers of Europe and Asia. In modern times 
all their establishments bear testimony to the 
importance attached by them to the moral influ- 
ence of ornamental gardening. Look, for ex- 
ample, at the grounds about St. Mary’s College, 
Baltimore, and their College at Georgetown. 
■With however much dislike, as suggested by 
Mr. Choules, the faith of these people may be 
regarded by the reformed Church, still we think 
the ministry of the latter might find their ac- 
count in i.mitating the former in the good work 
of disseminating the principles of sound taste 
and inculcaling the practice of good. husbandry 
for which they were so conspicuous ; and thus 
imbue the people committed to their teaching 
with that spirit which 
“ Finds tongues in trees— books in running brooks^ 
Sermons in stones — and good: in everything.’'’ 
THE CLERGY. 
Their opportunities and power to improve the public 
taste for Agriculture and Horticulture. Letter from 
Rev. J. O. Choules. 
Jamaica Plain, August, 1S45. 
My Dear Sir : — 1 have for several days past 
been trying to get tijne tell you how very much 
I have been gratified with your capital No. 1 of 
the Farmers’ Library, A c. The conception of 
the work is precisely (I think) what it should be, 
and the execution of the Magazine very satisfac- 
tory. I ei;tertaln no doubt respecting its suc- 
cess. I wish it could find its way into the hands 
of our Clergy ; they are of all men possessed of 
the best opportunities to improve the taste and 
science of ihe farmers of our land. Had I the 
time, I would gladly write an article for your 
pages, pointing out the claims of Agriculture 
and Horticulture on the Ministry. I know 
some of my brethren who feel this subject in all 
its magnitude ; they aim to diffuse correct opi- 
nions. cultivate good taste, piaUe men happier, 
