30 
THE SOUTHERN CULTIVA^i’OR. 
iiX0nti)i2 (Jlairtti) rt r. 
Altered from the American Agricidluriat's Almanac for 
1S14, and arranged to suit the Southern States. 
C.-4t,E:^"IJAES. FOIS. FEBK.UAKir. 
[The following brief hints to the farmer, planter and 
gardener, will be found to apply not only to the month 
under which they are arranged, but, owing to diversity 
of seasons, climate and soils, they may frequently an- 
swer for other monihs. This precaution the consider- 
ate agriculturist will not fail to notice and apply in all 
cases where his judgment and experience may dictate.] 
Continue to look well afteryour stock. This 
and the tollowing are the trying rnonths for ani- 
mals, and if carried well through these,, you 
may more salely trust them afterwards. As all 
animals are accustomed to green (oott through- 
out a great part of the year, such as are now 
kept on dry should have their condition care- 
fully observed, and their food varied to suit their 
wants. Hools ousht always to be .provided for 
an occasional change. Potatoes, sugar beet, 
mangel-wurzel, ruta baga, carrots or parsnips, 
may be given, as they can be most profitably 
raised by the farmer. According to Davy the 
order of their nutritious properties, pound for 
pound, stands thus : 1. potatoes ; 2. sugar beet ; 3. 
mangel-wurzel; 4. parsnip and carrot; 5. ruta 
baga ; G. and by far behind all others, the com- 
mon turnip. We are of opinion that the car- 
rot and paisnip areeq-ual to the sugar beet, and 
the better varieties, perhaps, would stand se- 
cond only to potatoes. Chaff, grain, bran, &c., 
may also occasionally be given, and for work- 
ing animals, grain invariably at all times. If 
you e.xpect hens to lay during the winter they 
must have a warm room, and plenty of suita- 
ble food. A stone, brick, or what is better than 
either, a clay house, impervious to wind and cold, 
with a supply of oats, shrunk wheat, barley, and 
even corn, with some animal food added, in ad- 
dition to a supply of gravel and old mortar or 
lime, and water, tvill give you a constant sup- 
ply ot fresh eggs all winter. 
Finish threshing your grain, and have it 
stored beyond the reach of rat, mouse or weevil. 
Scions may be cut during this and the turn suc- 
ceeding months, for grafting, and carefully laid 
away in a cool, damp place, till required for 
use. If the roots have not been a.ssorted when 
stoied tor the winter, the best should now be se- 
lected for seed and use, and ihe remainder fed 
out to the stock previous to a growuh ot green 
food in thespring. The young animals, lambs, 
calves, &c., should b^ carelnlly protected from 
cold and have an abundant supply of food. 
When it is intended to raise animals on the 
farm, it is better to have them dropped from the 
latter part of .March to the middle of May. The 
weather is then warmer and fresh teed abun- 
dant, and the young can be reared with half the 
expense and risk that attends them during se- 
vere weather. But such as are near a market, 
and wish to send in early calves and lambs, 
may find an advantage in having them come 
much earlier in the season ; but all the hopes of 
the farmer will be disappointed, by neglecting 
ihe proper meansof protection. Such cattle as 
have been suffered to get poor, will probably be 
found to have lice, which at this season collect 
around the roots ot their horns. They may be 
destroyed by a strong decoction of lobacco juice, 
or scotch snuff, lard, fish oil or soft s'mp, ap- 
plied on the top of the head, and alonu the back 
to the root ot the tail; also, spirits of turpen- 
tine, mercurial ointment and corrosive subli- 
mate, are effectual remedies, but dangerous 
w'hen caitle can lick Ihe part where they are 
applie.i, both being a deadly poison. After the 
cattle are once rid of lice, beep them in good 
condition, and they will belittle exposed to a 
renewal of the disease. Prepare for making 
maple sugar the last of this month. 
Endeavor to finish breaking h.emp this month, 
as March wm’II be a much more busy erne. It 
the w’cather be open conMnue plowins'. 
Kitchen Go.rden . — Sow early cucumbers and 
melons in hot beds. If wn II managed, the cu- 
cumbers sowm early in this month will produce 
fruit in April. Celery can be sown in a warm 
t o-der and will be ready to vegetate the first 
mild weather. The directions for last month 
will apply equally to this. 
Fruit Garden and Orchard. — Gooseberries, 
currants and raspberries, may now be pruned it 
the weather be tolerably rnild. Fruit trees that 
grow too luxuriantly and do not bear, should 
be pruned in the roots. Cut away the wood in 
grape vines that have borne fruit the preceding 
season, and leav'e the wmod formed that season 
to bearfruit the ensuing year, if grape prun- 
ing is left until the sap begins to rise, the vines 
will bleed profusely and suffer much injury. It 
is said that the first bud on a shoot will not pro- 
duce fruit. Consequently a second or third 
should be ielt in pruning. 
Flower Garden and., Pleasure Groitnds . — See 
directions for Decentber and January. - Finish 
pruning hardy flowering shrubs. (Jut off all 
deal wood and straggling.or interfering branch- 
es close to the body or limbs. Keen the gravel 
walks clean, and roll them alter the winter frost. 
Plantation . — In the beginning of this month 
repair all your lences, and employ your men in 
cutting up and rolling logs — and your women 
and children in knocking down cotton-stalks, 
when not too large, wdth a stick, cutting corn- 
sialks, firing log-heaps, and burning chunks and 
the brush that may have fallen from trees, clear- 
ing up hollows, &c., and be in readiness to com- 
mence plowing your cotton fields as soon as the 
season will admit. By the latter end of the 
month, if the weather be favorable, keep as 
many plows running as is convenient when the 
earth is in proper condition. By keeping busy 
at this season of the year it will enable you to 
control your crop, and give you time to do your 
work effectually, which is one half of the battle. 
If your land was in corn or cotton last year, 
run off the rows in the old water furrow with a 
short plow this year, using two horses and run- 
ning deep. Then, with a turning plow, ihro-vv 
to this two furrows, one from each side, in or- 
der to reverse the last beds. Eeave the ground 
in ihis condition until a day or two before you 
wish to plant, and then break out the entire sur- 
face between the rows — the baulk. Prepare 
your ground and sow your tobacco seed, if you 
have noi done it before. 
Give to your cows boiled cotton seed, with a 
little chopped corn added. It will give the but- 
ter a rich flavor and fine yellow color. The 
seed must be well cooked, which will require 
but a few minutes. 
Mark off your sweet potatoe ground some 
time in this month with a double horse plow, 
and let it lie until it becomes well settled by two 
or three rains. 
If you have a good grape vine, take care of 
it, and propagate others Irom it by cuttings and 
layers, and iis fruit will repay your labor. If 
you have not, buy one, and plant it the present 
spring. The second year after planting it will 
produce you fruit, which will increase every 
year as the nlani enlarges. The fruit will be 
found to be'whulesome and grateful, and. you 
will realize the pleasure of “ sitting under your 
ovm d'j ling the intense heat of summer. 
The native varieties most -worthv of cub iva- 
tion, are the Isabella, Winne ani Catawba. If 
you wish foreign fruit, the Sweet Water, Cbas- 
selas, Black Cluster and Burgundy, are to bo 
preferred. A little experience will make you 
iarniliarwith their management. 
As soon as the black frosts are ever, which 
usually occur by the last of the month, and the 
ground bt comes sufficiently diy, the covering 
of the cane that was planted in autumn or ear- 
ly winter, should be reduced to one or two inch- 
es, by scraping with hoes the earth from the top 
of the drills, towards ihe centres of the spaces 
between the rows. After this, the hoes follow- 
ed by the plows, should be passed through the 
fields about every ten days, in order to keep 
down the grass and weeds. 
Should the season have been so backward as 
to have provented you Irom finishing planting 
your suyar cane, it can be done at the close of 
ihismontb. Do not cover it at a depth exceed- 
ing two inches. 
Sow all kinds of early melons, cucumbers, 
kidney beans, squashes-, asparagus, radishes, 
lettuce and garden cresses tor seed. Sow late, 
dwarf peas and onion seed, carrots, parsnips 
and red beets. Sow tomatoes in hot beds, or 
in boxes in the house, if the season is back- 
ward;- the egg toraatoe and the golden drop 
are the best kinds. A compost of pigeon dung 
and earth w'ill give them an early start. 
This month is proper for grafting the cleft. 
If your trees have not been pruned, do it at 
once. Set out fig trees — plant hop roots and 
all kind of aromatic herbs. Set out cabbages, 
lettuces, carrots, parsnips, turnips, &c., design- 
ed for next year’s seed. Sow oats, plant Indian 
corn and early Irish potatoes. 
Planters’ Club of Hancock. 
The Planters’ Club of Hancock County of- 
fer the following premiums to be aw’arded at 
their next Annual Fair : 
For tlie best acre of up- 
land corn, a silver cup, 
value ..•$ 10 
2cl best 5 
3d best 3, 
4lh and 5th best. . . .honors 
For the best acre of low- 
ground corn, without 
3d, 4th and .5lh best. honors 
Best cow, having regard 
to blood ...$5 
2d best 3 
3d, 4lh and 3th best. honors 
For best young bulls and 
heifers under-2yrs honors 
Best Ram S'Z 
manure .S5 ‘Zd best 1 
2d best..., 3 3d, 4th and 5lh best. honors 
3d best 2 
4th and 5th best. . . .honors 
Best acre of Wheat on 
upland, a silver cup, 
value $10 
2d best 5 
Sdbest 3 
4lh and 5th best. . . .honors 
Best acre upland Colton, 
silver cup, value $10 
2d best 5 
3d best 3 
4thand5th best... .honors 
Best acre of upland.. . ..$3, 
2d best 2jFor the heaviest fat pig, 
3d, 4th and 5th best. honors! agreeable to age, from 
Best acre of potatoes. .. .$3| 6 to 1-2 months old.... $5 
2d best -2 2d do do 3 
3d, 4lh and 5th best. honors l3d do do 2 
Best acre Turnips $3|4ihand5lh do do. honors 
2d best 2'For best piece of home- 
Best .Jack $5| spun, (8 yards,) gentle- 
2d best....,.,, 3 1 mens’ wear $3 
Best Georgia raised Mule$3. 2d best..,, 2 
Best Ew'e $2 
-2d best I 
3d, 4th and 5lh best. honors 
Best boar -ST 
-2d best 2 
3d,4thand5lh best. honors 
Best sow $3 
2d best 2 
3d, 4th and olh best. honors 
For the heaviest fat hog, 
agreeable to age $5 
2d do do 3 
3d do do 2 
4th and 5 h do do.. honors 
2d be-t 2 
Best Blule colt 3 
2d best. . . 2 
3d, 4th and 5lh best, honors 
Best Stallion 4 years old 
and upward .,$5 
2d best 3 
3d,4lh and 5th best. honors 
Best 3 year old colt or 
filley $2 2d best 
2d best 1 
3d, 4ih and 5th best. honors 
Best brood mare wilh or 
without coll $5 
2d besi . 2 
3d, 4th and 5lh best.honors 
Best bull $3 
2d best 2 
3d,4lhand 5lh best.honors 
Best milch cow,, without 
regard to blood $5 
2d best 3 
3d best 1 
4lh, 5lh, Glh and 7th 
best honors 
Best countt^pane $3 
2d best 2 
3d, 4th, 5ih and 6ih, 
best . , honors 
For best piece domestic 
silk $5 
3 
d best 2 
4th, 5lh and 6th best.honors 
For the best article of 
negro cloth, 10 yards.. $3 
2d best. 2 
3d, 4th, 5lh and Glh 
best honors 
For the best article for 
negro blankets $2 
-3d best . . 1 
3d, 4ih, 5ih and 6th 
best honors 
The Club sets apart $20 to be awarded by 
their Committee on articles manufactured by 
ladies and not embraced in the above list. 
By order Executive Committee. 
T. H. Audas, Secretar}^ 
Sparta, January 2i, 1846. 
O’ Editors friendly to agriculture will please 
copy the above. 
Fruit ami Fruit Trees. 
[From the Dollar Farmer.] 
Dotvxing's Fruits and Fruit Tress Of 
America. — We proceed now to redeem our 
pledge as to this work, and as soon as we are 
done wilh it we shall proceed to the new and 
valuable work on sheep husbandry by Morrell. 
We have no idea ot attempting to supersede tne 
necessity of purchasing these works so far as 
■those are concerned who can afford to p-archase 
ihem. Alfsuch,as a matter of course, ought 
to have the works complete. But with regard 
to those of a different class, we do not despair 
of giving them what is most material, or of 
placing them very nearly on a footing withtheir 
