80 
THE SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
making all the cotton and corn they can— cot- 
ton to make England, the more jNorthern and 
Ecstsrn States rich, and corn to subsist upon 
in making that cotton. It is true, they Irequent- 
ly have some thousands ol dollars to spare: this 
they lay out in the purchase of negroes — to 
make more cotton to buy more negroes— -and 
they prosper very n.tich, sometimes, in the in- 
crease ot servants, with which they wear out 
and destroy all the good land around them, and 
are generally compelled to move to new and 
fresh countries at that time of life when quiet 
and repose are necessary to relieve them from 
the anxieties of life — their sun too olien sets 
amidst clouds and storms, and their evening of 
life is lull ot bitterness and distress. 
The cultivation of cotton — whch isalmostan 
exclusive one in this section of country, from 
which to make income and profit — will both ru- 
in the land, unsettle and remove every planter 
who follows it ; it w'ill depopulate every neigh- 
borhood of the kind of persons necessary lor 
the prosperity of it — break up schools, stores and 
means ot social intercourse, and in the course 
ot time it will be found impracticable to have 
the districts of our cotton-making countries or- 
ganized with judicial and military officers. I 
think the time is not far distant when new laws 
necessary tor a provisionary organization of the 
countries and districts thus vacated will be ab- 
solutely required. 
I could refer to several of the most prospe- 
rous fanners amongst us, who have only made 
cotton a secondary mailer ; they are now better 
off in every resp -ct than those who have done 
otherwise; iheir lands and farms generally are 
in a better condition, and everything around 
them seems to be better provided lor. The vast 
amount abstracted from our counties every 
year lor pork and mules is enormous. It is a 
disgrace to us. 
But to return to the subject of a vacated 
country. Some means must positively be 
made to regain the population of the counties, 
and f think there is only one way to do it, 
We must become manufacturers ot our own 
great staples— • particularly cotton. We are 
doing finely in the way of superior flour, but 
cotton goods and cotton yarns are the greatest 
articles to produce wealth— to give employ- 
ment to thousands and to make our State in 
the course of time, (it we will energetically 
cany it out,) the finest country under the sum 
1 rejoice that we have some noble-hearted men 
who have ventured in dark times, large sums in 
manufactories, ani a ■re .still resolved to do so in 
spite of fires an i trials enough to daunt ordina- 
ry men. They will notonlv enhance the value 
of evcryihing around them, but will give em- 
plovineni, food and raiment to many who would 
otherwise scarcely eat a cheerful meal— for 
the people of Georgia are poor indeed! Little 
villages will, in the course of time, spring up 
in the neighborhood of all the laciories, and 
prosperity will be seen on every hand; every- 
thing to spare lor miles around will find ready 
sale, and much of the deserted lands will again 
“ bloom and blossom like the rose.” 
I do not hesitate. to say, that if every one cl 
our up-country villages, had in them one or two 
manufacturing esiablishments--moved by steam 
power where water could hot be had with con- 
venience — it would soon make them show the 
difference betwixt woik, money, trade, popula- 
tion and prosperity, and the presentdull, gloomy, 
spiritless loatering seen in almost every up- 
countrv and low-country town in this State. 
We yRxiil wake up ! We are just about as near 
ly below par as we can staud ; and a few year.s 
more— sending off ou r cotton at from 3 to 5 els, 
a pound, for Massachusetts to make it worth 
from one to three dollars, bv their ingenuity and 
perseverance — and we are ruined beyond re- 
demption. 1 will say mofe hereafter. R. 
Ttis Co.VTRAST. — A lady writing Irom Lon- 
don says ihai she can always tell an American 
girl from an English one; there being the same 
difference between them as exists between a dish 
of “chicken fixins” and a round of beef. 
Back Volumes of the Southern Cultivator. 
The Work complete from its commencement. 
Volumes I., II. and 111. of the “Southern 
Cultivator,” can be supplied to all who may desire 
the work from its commencement, at the subscription 
price— One Dollar each volume. The back numbers of 
the present volume are sent to alt new Subscribers. 
COWTEHTS OF THIS HUMBER. 
ORIGINAL PAPERS. 
Address, delivered before the Liberty County 
Agricultural Society, by J. P. Stevens, (con- 
cluded; ." page 65 
Agricultural Experiments “ 73 
Agricultural Society Talbot County “ 75 
Hear-Grass “ 75 
Corn, culture of “ 75 
Cow-peas — Sea Island Colton — Inquiries “ 74 
From an Old Correspondent — Proposition..,.. “ 74 
Marl “ 72 
Mr Farrar’s Proposition ' •* 72 
Plowing, deep “ 73 
Plowing. English “ 72 
Sea Island Cotton — Gins — Barley “ 74 
SouUierii Hemp “ 72 
Southern Cultivator, the “ 72 
Sheep and the Shepherd’s Dog.......,., “ 72 
Sumach “ 75 
To the Editor “ 74 
SELECTIONS, EXTRACTS, &C. 
Agr icultural Science i n Frai.ce “ 73 
Agricul rural Society Barbour County, (Ala.). . . “ 75 
Agricnilural Correspondence “ 78 
Farm Management ; or Practical Hints to a 
Young Beginner page 66 
Filberts “ 71 
Fritters, to make “ 77 
Breeding Aniiiials “ 6S 
Ctab-Grass Hay — Pea Vine, &c 71 
D raining Land.,,.,,.,,,.,,..,,.,.,,..,.,,,., n yy 
Green House Plants, general treatment of “ 77 
Loc.kjdw, remedy for “ 67 
Manures — Their “ 76 
Manure for Cnions “ 77 
Monthly Calendar- -for May “ 73 
Nutritious Food “ 77 
Rhubarb, or Pte Plant. “ 69 
Southern Folly a- 79 
Southern Hemp, or Bear Grass “ 70 
Sheep ‘1 63 
Sumach, culture of “ 69 
Shepherd’s Dogs « 73 
Plowing, deep .i 79 
Psessing the Earth, benefits of ti 69 
Pancakes, to make “ 77 
Jerusalem Artichoke “ 70 
ANIS FlS2f.,a> SEili>S. 
A GENERAL assortment of fresh and genu- 
ine Garden and Field Seed, among which ate the 
foil owing : 
Red -and white clover, Blue and green grass. 
Rye and orchard do Timothy and herds do 
ftlillet and Lucerne do Seed corn of every valiia- 
Buckwheat tfepotato oats, Seed wheat, [ble variety 
Kept constantly on hand by the subscriber, all o 
which are offered for sale at veiy moderate prices. 
All orders, by mail or otherwise, executed with neat' 
ness and despatch. \Vm Haines, .Is., 
1 No. 2.32, Broad-street, Augusta, Ga. 
NEW YORK 
AG55 SC UAi'8'UlS A L ^^AiSEJSOESE* 
H aving Taken the commodious Store, No 
187 Water-street, the subscriber is now opening the 
Largest and most complete assortment of 
Agricultural Implements 
of all kinds, ever yet offered in this market. Most of 
these are of new and higtily improved pattern, warrant- 
ed to be made of the best materials, put together in the 
strongest manner, of a very superior finish, and offer- 
ed at the lowest cash prices. 
seeds for TflE FARMER. 
Such as Improved Winter and Spring Wheat, Rye. 
Barley, Oats, Corn, Beans, Peas, Rutabaga, Turnip, 
Cabbage, Beet. Carrot, Parsnip, Clover and Grass- 
seeds, improved varieties of Potatoes. 
WISE-CLOTHS AND SIEVES. 
Different kinds arid sizes constantly on Irand. 
FERTILIZERS. 
Peruvian and African Guano, Poudrelte, Boiiedust, 
Lime, Plaster of Pans, &c. 
FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES AND SHRUBS, 
(tiders taken for these, and executed from a choice 
of the best Nurseries, Gardens, and Corservatories 
in the United Slates. 
HORSES, CATTLE, SHEEP, SWINE AND POULTRY. 
Orders executed for slock of all kinds, to the best 
adv.rntage 
The subscriber requests samples sent to him of any 
new or improved Implements, Seeds, &c., &c., which, 
if lound valuable, extra pains will be taken to bring 
them before the public. A. B. ALLEN, 
- 137 Water-street, New York. 
PROSPECTUS 
OF THE FOURTH VOLUME OF THE 
SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR, 
A MONTHLY JOURNAL, 
Devoted to the Improvement of Southern Agriciilture, 
Edited by JAMI3S CAMAK, of Atlxeus. 
In submitting to the Southern Public the Pro- 
spectus for the Fourth Volume of the SOUTH- 
ERN CULTIVATOR, which may now be re- 
garded as permanently established, the Publish- 
ers deem it unnecessary to advert to the high 
character the Work has attnined under the edito- 
rial control ol Mr. CAMAK, and therefore make 
a direct appeal to the Planters and Friends ol 
Agriculture throughout the Southern States, to 
aid them in sustaining a publication devoted ex- 
clusively to the cause of Southern Agriculture 
The advantages and benefits resulting from 
Agricultural Periodicals, have been felt and ac 
knowledged by the intelligent and refleciing Til- 
.ers of the Soil in all civilized nations; to be 
most useful, therefore, they should be extensive- 
ly circulated among all classes of Agriculturists; 
if possible, they should be in the hands of every 
man who tills an acre of land, and to this end 
we invoke the aid of every one who feels an in- 
terest in the improvement of the Agriculture of 
the South. 
The first number of the Fourth Volume will 
be issued on the 1st of January next. It is pub- 
lished Monthly, in Q,uarto form ; each number 
contains sixteen pages of matter, 9 by 12 inches 
square. TERMS i 
One copy, one year 81.00 
Six copies'* “ 5 00 
Twenty- Five copies, one yeah 20.00 
One Hundred “ “ “ 75 00 
The Cash System will be rigidly enforced. 
The CASH irust always accompany the order. 
J. W. & W. S. JONES, 
Augusta, Ga., Nov., 1845. 
53" As we desire to regulate our issue by the 
number of subscribers, all persons who obtain 
subscribers are requested to send the lists as ear- 
ly as possible to J. W. & W. S. Jones. 
SUPPLY ot the following varieties of 
fresh Turnep Seed, just received, viz : 
Yellnw Sweedish or rutabaga, very fine for stock. 
Large globe turnep, I 
y tab le 
White fiat do 
Hanover or while ruta baga do 
) 
use. 
Norfolk do 
For sale in quantities to suit purchaies 
1 Wm. Haines, Jr., Broad-st. 
A MAM'llOTfl WEEKLY FAMILY KEWSP.IPEK. 
FOR TWO DOLLARS A YEAR!! 
QL[)C iDi^ekln QTiirDuicle ^ Sentinel, 
The Largest and Cheapest Family N ewspaper in the 
Southern States, 28 by 46 inches, containing 36 col- 
umns, is now published at the low rate of TWO DOL- 
LARS per annum, in advance. 
1 J. W. & W. S. JONES, Proprietors. 
®lje Sontljern (Huitinator 
Is published on the first of every month, at Augusta, Ga. 
J. W. & W. S JONES, PR OPRIETORS. 
EDITED BY JAM ES CAMAK, OF ATHENS, GA. 
TERMS.-ONE DOLLAR A YEAR. 
1 copy, one year $i oo 1 25 copies, one year,. .®20 oo 
6 copies, “ 5 00 1 100 copies, " ..75 oo 
[All subscriptions must commence with the volume.) 
The Cash System will be rigidly adhered to, and in no 
case will the paper be sent unle.ss the money accompanies 
the order. 
ADVERTisEMENTspertainingto Agriculture, will be in- 
serted for ONE DOLLAR for every square of ten lines or 
less, for the first insertion, and sevbnty-five cents per 
square for each continuance. 
p::^ALL COMMUNICATIONS, MUST BE POST PAID, and 
addressed to JAMES CAMAK, Athens, Georgia. 
