THE S >1 ITIERN CULTIVATOR. 
119 
moil Ml i 11 q iicKr-r me inonon me &ino< iliei 
aric* bfUer will lie thesillc. When from fiurto 
six ourice'^ ha ve l.een reeled, the aspel may be 
taken uti that the silk may dry. The end should 
be I'a-tened so as to be readily found. Squeeze 
the silk together and loosen it upon the bars, 
then on ti e i>pposite side tie it with a hand of 
refuse silk or ) arn, then slide it off the reel ; dou- 
ble and a?ain tie it near each extremity. 
The quality of the silk depends much upon 
the art and skillful management of the leeler. 
All that is required to render one perfect in the 
art of reelin? is a liitle practice, accompanied at 
the beginning with a degree of andtiie 
exercise of jad^meab in keeping up ihe proper 
temperature ot water and the threads of a uni- 
form size. 
MANUFACTURE OF PERFORATED COCOONS. 
The perforated and double cocoons can be 
manufactured into vaiious fabrics, such a 
stockings, gloves, undershirts and the like. Be- 
fore the cocoons can be spun, they must be put 
into a clean bag, made of som^open cloth, and 
placed in a pot or kettle and covered with soft 
water, with soap (hard or soft) added sufficient 
to make a strong suds, and boiled tor about 
three or four hours. It they are required to be 
very nice and white, the water may be changed, 
and a small quantity more ot soap added, and 
again boiled for a tew minutes. After they are 
boiled, they may be hung up and drained; they 
should then be rinsed while in the bag, in fair 
water, and hung oat to dry, without disturbing 
them in the bag When completely dry, they 
mav be spun on the common flax wheel, by first 
taking the cocoon in the fingers and slightly 
loi>sening the fibres that become flattened do'vn 
by boil ng, and ihen spinning off from the pierc- 
ed end. The silk will run entirely ofi leaving 
the shell bare. 
Tne double cocoons may be spun tn ihesanae 
manner, but should be boiled separately. 
True Remedy for the Embarrassment of 
Cotlou Planters at the ^outh and 
South-West. 
From the Commercial Review ot the South and West. 
The inieresis of these sections are in a man- 
ner identical, their crops and mtide ol cultiva- 
tion being similar, the only difference to be dis- 
cerned is found in the greater productiveness at 
the present tune, of the soil throughout tne lat- 
ter The agricultural prospects and the doings 
of the planter will be considered more in reler- 
ence to the latter. 
Good men, and true, have devoted much at- 
tention to the agriculture of this country; they 
have given good and wise precepts; they have 
striven to change the present unpleasant s ate 
of afiairs ; and most assuredly have their la- 
bors been efteciual. There may not be any 
very marked change, but there has been much 
improvement in the mode of managing an es 
tate, which will in due time bear an abundant 
harvest. That the best is not done, that the 
precepts have not had lull consideration, any 
one mav see for himsell'; but no reasonable 
man could expect to change a routine of almost 
halt a century’s standing, in a lew months ; to 
change the habiis of a people requires almost 
an age; to see the change hascerimnly began, 
is sufficient; an I to show it, witness the sales 
of hay, pork, beef, imuton, wool, iruii, etc., 
from Mississippi, within the past eighteen 
months. The present price ol cotton is too 
low lor the Cotton planter, he cannot afford to 
make cotton when not yielding over rrom $100 
to $140 per hand, h matters not how this stale 
ot agricultural depression was brought about ; 
whether it be caused by the tariff, whether by 
the banks loaning freely and thus causing in- 
crease I product, or how ; the important matter 
is not to quarrel about who, or what caused, 
but like working men apply the means to eff ci 
a change. Can a change be effected? What 
means should be applied? and when should the\ 
be applied ? are questions open for investigation. 
A writer in the third number of the Commer- 
cial Review, answers them at length; whether 
saiisiaciury lo itie . eopieoi nut, it is iioi lice es- 
sary to say. To strike at the root of the evil, it 
would be well lo examine the whole matter, as 
the lawyer would his case, or the physician his 
patient, not content lo lely on a few kaiements. 
The planter is regretting his peculiar hard 
lot; his negroes are worked full hours, and he 
receives a bare pittance ot the returns made to 
the manufacturer or to the sugar planter: he 
plants more coiton, works his negroes harder, 
drives all day and part of the night, and yet he 
complains. Like the nostrum vender, he will 
I ot be convinced that calomel is killing his pa- 
tient, buthegiveslargerandlargcrdoses. What 
i-. iht result? He is compelled to pay doctors 
larger bills for attentions on the sick, caused by 
over- work; l^e has to pay to Kentucky larger 
prices for mules and horses, and hemp, the price 
being increased by the increased demand; he 
wants more meat and more bread, owing to his 
not having time to make them : he has to make 
a greater show of wealth, as his poor neighbors 
who make less coiton and more meat and bread, 
and clothing, and colts, and stock generally, are 
beginning to buy conveyances fur their families 
to ride lo church in; he turns off an overseer 
every few months, and finally lamems, until he 
is weaiy, over his late. 
Should such a man be advised to hold on to 
his crop for better prices? Apply to the Legis- 
lature to give premiums? Make less cotton? 
Build up manufactories? Tnis has been done 
again and again. What then counsel him todo? 
Examine the case well, and let a planter who 
has long watched the course of events, act as a 
kind ot mentor, whilst you are making an exa- 
mination. Do you not see that on this planta- 
tion the negroes are over worked, although they 
are fed high; you see no small children; you 
hear not the cheerful song nor the laugh that 
comes from the happy negro. Tou will also 
please to ob'erve the beautilul quality ot the 
hay, pul up in handsome square bales; these 
bales are Irom Ohio, and goad hay it is. D> 
you mark the sacks that are lying there, they 
once contained corn that you will perceive was 
Irom a flaiboat, il you will lift a sack lo your 
no.se. Here, sir, is as neat an axe helve as was 
ever made in Connecticut; good bridles and 
good col ars, good back-bands, all, they cost a 
mere trifle. You will find excellent Lowell 
and good linsey, it being cheaper to buy than to 
make ; and besides, there is nothing saved even 
by working at this kind of work on wet days. 
You will find yonder a tine, sleek, well condi- 
tioned horse, he belongs lo the overseer; and 
near at hand you see the rough outside of a ve- 
ry good carriage horse, corn is loo scarce to 
leed him with. Ah! and there goes the plant- 
er; he has just returned from a political stump 
harangue, where the plantershave been discuss- 
ing the merits of the candi 'ates for the next 
Presidency. Shall we visit the house, and see 
the China and the silver, and the silk aoil lace, 
a.nd extra servants? No, no! We will noten- 
ter into the sanctum ol the injured one— he is 
an i jured man. The merchant and the manu- 
laciurer have conspired to put him down. En- 
gland determines to take his slaves from him: 
'le is desponding, aoa cannot for the soul ot him 
go to work like the manufacturer, or the mer- 
chant, but expects the “good old times” to re- 
turn again. Have you seen enough. Canyon 
see what is first requisite? 
Let the planter jet to work himself, and turn 
off his overseer; let him matte his bread, his 
meat, ra ise a few colts and hay to leed them on ; 
let him increase the quaniiiy of corn and fo- 
rage until he can snare a little; let him take the 
interestin his- own business that the merchant 
or manufacturer must who expects success; let 
him learn his sons that idleness is the road to 
ruin ; let him leach his daughters that they are 
not dulls or milliner girls, but that they are the 
futuie makers or marrers of this beautiful re- 
public ; let him ever remember the old saying, 
“the master’s footsteps are manure to his land,” 
and we think he will ha/e less cause to repine, 
and more causa lo think that his *• lot is cast in 
happy places.” 
Good, very good, sir; you have now struck 
at the root ot the evil, and it is to be hoped that 
you wdl enter more mi utely into the particu- 
lars how all these matters should be eflTected. 
The question in the latter part ol the second 
paragraph are answered in a summary manner 
above, the answers fo low as evideniiv as cause 
precedes its effect; unless there was a remedy 
ihere would be lolly in talking of it. If the re- 
medy be not found in diminishing expenses, 
practising liugality and industry, and thus ot 
course diminishing the amount ot coiton for 
sale, then there is no use tosearch for a remedy. 
And if these things can and ought to be done, 
then promptness should be the watchword. The 
merchant who contr Is his millions, is found at- 
tending to his business; true, he has his clerks 
and porteis, but he is notthele.ss diligent. The 
lawyer is busy with his “ books” and “papers” 
all day and late at night. The physician can- 
not spare the time from his “prescriptions” and 
his “ visits.” The manulacturer, ever working 
“ short hours,” has to examine into the “ slate 
ol trade,” else he will lose his “ market.” Why 
then should the planter above all others be per- 
mitted to pass his days and nights in listless 
idleness. Has he exemption from “by the 
sweat of thy face, thou shall earn thy daily 
bread;” or, “he that will not work, neither 
shall he cat.” There is one thing certain, the 
planters of the South and Southwest must give 
up sloth and idleness; they must lake the lesson 
taught by Hercules to the wagoner: “ put your 
shoulders to the wheel.” Besides this, they 
must pursue a more mixed course ot husbandry, 
they have reeled long enough on the one thing, 
il IS high time another course was pursued. 
That manufactories would benefit this por- 
tion el the United Stales there is not a shadow 
of doubt; that Legislative aid, directed to de- 
veloping the latent facilities ot the country 
would, is evidently plain. That making less 
cotton would enhance the price is highly rea- 
sonable. But were all these done, and the 
present practice pursued, the improvement 
would be delusive. The redress to be effectual 
must commence at home; the improvement to 
be valid and permanent must start at the plant- 
er’s own house. 
Worth Knowing.— For the information of 
those who have been plagued by bugs devour- 
ing their beans, &c., we state the following ex- 
periment of our own : 
On that portion of our garden in which our 
beans, peas, &c. were planted this year, ashes 
were freely used as a manure, and not a bug has 
been known to trouble them, while in an adjoin- 
ing garden, only a lew feel distant, where ashes 
were not used, the bugs have been quite trou- 
blesome. Our neighbor discovering the differ- 
ence and suspecting the cause, a lew days since 
applied ashes around the roots ot his beans, (for 
he had discovered that at his approach the bugs 
would invariably conceal themselves immedi- 
ately at the roots,) which hasacted liKe a charm 
in expelling these intruders from that part of 
his garden. We would advise those who are 
plagued with these troublesome insects, lo try 
the remedy. — Andetson{S. C.) Gazette, 
To MAKE Ginger Beer.— Bruised ginger, 2 
ounces; water, 5 gallons. Boil lor one hour, 
then add, when sufficiently cool, lump sugar, 
pounds; cream ol tartar, ounce; essence 
ot lemon, I drachm ; yeasty pint. Strain, bot- 
tle, and wire down the corks. 
2. Loal sugar, 1 pound; rasped ginger, 1 
ounce; cream ol tartar, f ounce; boiling wa- 
ter, I gallon. Mix and cover them up close 
for one hour, then add essence ol lemon, 15 
irops; yeast, 2 or 3 spoonsful. Strain, bottle, 
and wire down the corks. 
To Destroy the Bee Mille.r. — To a pint of 
water, sweetened with honey or sugar, add half 
a gill ol vinegar, and set it in an open vessel 
on the top or by the side of the hive. When 
the miller coi.ies in the night, he will fly into 
the mixture and be drowned. 
