18 
SOUTHERN CULTITATOR. 
Brid i-el! <fe M! 3 C'><s Augastu i'or ' he best French Barr 
Mill-Stone, Southern Manufacture, $10 
J. M Di.-vidson, Woodvllle, (da., for the best Oil Stones, 1 
JuDOEs. — A. Means, W. Baer, L. D. Ford. 
Note-— In consequence of the hasty and very i- perfect 
manner in which some of the Gcu:mir.t?o8 discharged their 
duties, many of the raports ar‘-> meagre, and not as perfec. 
as couid have been desired. Very many beautiful and use 
fuiaTtieies in the various departs ents were exhibited, which 
are ful'-y notiosd in the reports but omiited in the premium 
list. These reports will be embodied in ! ho Sod^dy’.stran'i- 
actionSjRnd published hi reaitar. Ac order la< t em ie tfor 
the payment of such premiums as have been a^-sarded but 
‘no'i delivered, at the store cf MiissiB. Clark & Co.> 
Augusta. 
JAMES CAMAK, 
Sec. S. C. A. S. 
Farm Machinery. — The Journal of the New York 
State Agricultural Society states, that Roswell L. Colt, of 
Patterson, employs on his farm a steam engine 13 horse 
power, which performs the operation of threshing, cutting 
stalks, straw and hay— steaming food, sawing firewood, 
boards, timber, &c. The steaming apparatus for prepar- 
ing food is very complete. The out-buildings are of the 
most complete kind— the arrangements for horses, cows, 
pigs, poultry, &c., are excellent — the stables are so con- 
structed as to save ali the manure, both liquid and solid. 
TEBRELL PROFESSOESHIP OF AGEICTJLTXrRE. 
University of Georgia, ) 
Athens, Sept., 1854. ) 
At the recent session of the Board of Trustees of the 
University of Georgia, the following communication was 
receeived from Dr. William Terrell, ofHancock county : 
Sparta, July 27, 1854, 
To ike Honorable, 
The 'Trustees of the University of Georgia ; 
Gentlemen : — From such observations as I have had an 
opportunity to make, on the condition of the people in dif- 
ferent parts of the world, I am quite satisfied that there 
are none who are so abundantly supplied with all the ne- 
cessaries and comforts of life, as our own; and that there 
is no form of goverament so suitable to the intellectual 
development of a people, or the resources of a country, a* 
that of the United States. 
To give perpetuity to the compact of these confederated 
States, the principles of which have thrown so much light 
on the social and political relations of man, and aided so 
much in the advancement of civilization, and the means 
of individual and national prosperity, is surely the duty of 
every patriot. Education is doing much for this great ob- 
ject in every department of knowledge, except in agricul- 
ture; and in this, the most important of all, the United 
States are far behind most of the States of Europe ; and the 
Southern, with the advantage of soil and climate, much 
more so than the Eastern and Northern. The best form of 
Government for a country where a system of agriculture 
prevails that is con.stanlly tending to imnoverish the soil, 
cannot long sustain a thrifty population, or be able to de- 
fend itself. To avoid such a calamity, which there is rea- 
son to fear will be ours at no very distant day, the people 
of the Southern States must find the means of preserving 
their lands from destruction by bad tillage, which is so 
strikingly observable in every part of the country. 
To aid in this great enterprise, if you will allow me to 
call it such, I propose to your honorable body to give to 
Franklin College, Bonds of the State to the amount of 
twenty thousand dollars, the annual interest of which ■ 
shall be applied permanently as compensation for a Pro- 
fessor, whose duty it shall be to deliver in the College, a 
course of Lectures during its terms, on “ Agriculture as a 
Science ; the practice and improvement of different people; 
on Chemistry and Geology, so far as they may be useful 
in Agriculture; on Manures, Analysis of Soils and on Do- 
mestic Economy, particularly referring to the Southern 
States;” the Lectures to be free. 
If this proposition is acceptable to you, I shall ask the 
privilege of recommending to your consideration for the 
appointment of the first Professor, Dr. Daniel Lee, who has 
spent twenty years of his life in the study and practice of 
Agriculture, and who will bring to its duties all his skill 
and a zeal that ought to ensure success. 
With considerations of the highest respect, 
I am your obedient servant, 
Wm. Terrell. 
It is due to the history of Agriculture as a Science in this 
country, that we record the fact that no other person in 
this great Republic has given, for immediate use, to increase 
and diffuse rural knowledge, more than one-fourth the sunt 
donated by the patriotic and distinguished founder of the 
first Professorship of Agriculture in the Southern States. — 
A similar Professorship was e-stablished a few years since 
in Yale College, on the gift of S‘5 0^0 by Mr. Norton, 
whose son was appointed to fill the new chair thus created. 
No paternal or family tie has in any way been associated 
with the munificence of Dr. Terrell. View the transao- 
tion in whatever light we may, nothing is discovered but 
the Y'ish and the effort of a noble mind to arrest that ten- 
dency to impoverish the soil which forms so striking a fea- 
ture of American Agriculture, 
The task assigned is one of no ordinary character; and 
however incompetent to its execution the person invited 
to labor may feel himself to be, yet it is his purpose to do 
all that in him lies to make this humble beginning in the 
way of Agricultural education the starting point of a 
higher and better system of study and practice in rural af- 
fairs. How Agricultural Sciences can be best taught and 
studied, are points not at all settled in the public mind; 
and therefore a few suggestions on these topics may not 
be out of place in this conneciien. 
If we are not mu taken in the view we have token of 
Agricultural education, the Terrell Professoriihip neods 
both a museum and a library of strictly professional char- 
acter for the use of those who may wish to study rural 
arts and sciences in the University of Georgia. Such of 
our readei-s as have visited the Agricultural Museum and 
Library of the New York State Agricultural Society ia 
Albany, must have been satisfied of the great advantages 
which they afford to all who wish to extend their knowL 
edge of Agriculture as an honorable profession, in that 
place. A museum is even more important than a library, 
for each pupil may, without great expense, provide him- 
self with the most useful books needed; but he cannot 
have all the specimens of grain, fruit, vegetables, cotton, 
grass, and other plants, the investigation and production 
of which can never cease to be of general interest To 
understand all that is knowable of crops, soils, domestic 
animals, and farm economy, one needs to study these va- 
rious and often complex matters, with the subjects before 
him. He must test ihern with the utmost care and circum- 
spection in every desirable way, that he may wisely sep- 
arate truth from error. Without a Museum, skilfully col- 
lected and arranged, it will be impossible to illustrate any 
popular lectures in a way to render them alike instructive 
and interesting to the youthful mind. Museums have 
done more to create a taste for the natural sciences than 
perhaps all other appliances combined. Seeing is per- 
formed with small effort, and often with immediate and 
lasting pleasure. Talking, with no visible demonstra- 
tions, is not the most improved plan of teaching science. 
Some time must elapse before a new enterprise of this 
kind can be got into a good working condition ; and after 
due consultation with the Prudential Committee of the 
College, it was thought best not to commence the first 
