SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
21 
THE WAY TO TEANSPOET LOGS- 
One of our con-espondents, Mr. W. S. Booth, of Litch- 
^eld CO , Conn., has favored us - with the acccimpanying 
shetches, illustrating, according to his experience, the best 
manner of drawing timber from remote and difficult locali- 
ties. In nearly all the easily accessible localities on the 
Atlantic border, the forests have been cut down, and now 
the supply must be taken from those points where great 
difficulties in the way of transportation have to he over- 
come, such as mountain-tops, precipices and ravines. The 
method at present in general vogue, is to slide the logs 
Fig. 1. 
down by hand-spike for one or two hundred yards, or pull 
them by team and log-chain. But there is great danger, 
both to team and driver, by the latter mode, as the logs 
acquire increasing velocity in proportion to the steepness 
of the descent. Mr. Booth’s plan is to provide a simple 
.pole of any flexible wood, say flve inches diameter and 
ten feet long, and attach it firmly as a tongue to the log, 
in the manner seen in Fig. I. The tongue is kept in 
place by means of a notch in the log and a couple of pins, 
between which the chain passes, as shown. The fixtures 
for hitching on the team to the pole are made in the usual 
manner. 
Fig. 2. 
In order to load your cart, place your axle on a gentle 
slope, at right angles to, and about five feet from the third 
part of the length of the log ; remove the nearest wheel by 
pulling out the fastening, and let it lie in a horizontal 
position, with the end of the axle resting directly over the 
middle of the hub of the wheel, in the manner shown in 
Jig. 2. Then by means of a plank placed on the axle, 
and extending over the wheel to the under side of the log, 
roll on the log with a cant-hook, or team and chain. Fii - 
ally, draw on the wheel with your team, which may be 
done by fastening a chain around and over the spokes, 
close to the hub of the wheel, as shown in jig. 2. 
Fig. 3. 
The log should rest on the axle at onethird distance from 
the end. In draw ing timber thus trailing on the ground, 
the greatest difficulty is that the log does not follow 
the direct track of the wheels, but inclines to one side 
or the other of the road, thus lying obliquely along the 
road. To remedy this we use two chains, the one forming 
a noose under the log forward, and as close to the axle as 
it can be fastened; the other forming a noose some eight 
or ten feet behind, and connecting the two together in 
the mannner shown in fig. 3. This plan will effectu- 
ally prevent the oblique trailing of the log. It will also 
answer where two logs are fastened at a time. — People's 
Journal. 
PATENT OFFICE CIECULAE. 
The following Circular has been issued from the Patent 
Office. As the readiest way of meeting its object, we 
copy it entire, with the expectation that there are those in 
all sections where the Cultivator circulates who will an- 
swer its questions : 
Washington, July 20, 1854. 
Sir: — The collection of Statistics on Agriculture being 
one of the duties of this office, your aid is respectfully so- 
licited. For the sake of convenience, questions intended 
for the various individuals in all portions of the country 
are hereunto annexed, which are to serve rather as hints 
or suggestions, than to be literally followed in the re- 
plies. 
As we seek no information that is not strictly reliable, 
it is hoped that your answers will be limited to those mat- 
ters with which you are connected, even although they 
may relate only to a single subject. If, therefore, you can 
communicate explicit and undoubted information on any 
of the topics under investigation, you will confer a favor 
by io doing. It is not expected that the reply of any in- 
dividual will relate to all the subjects embraced in this 
Circular, but only to those with which he is practically 
familiar. 
As another object to be attained by this office is the in- 
troduction and dissemination of new or improved Ag- 
ricultural products, we shall take pleasure in receiving 
and distributing any packages or parcels which may be 
committed to our charge whether they consist of the seeds 
of cultivated plants, either of native or foreign growth, or 
those of natural grasses, fruits, wild flowers, forest trees, 
or of the cuttings or sets of anything which may be deem- 
ed worthy of cultivation. 
With oureffiorts in this respect, it is hoped that the in- 
terest you feel in agricultural subjects will induce you to 
co-operate as far as you may find it convenient and agree- 
able. Accurate statistics are desired as far as it is practi- 
cable to obtain them ; but all that we can reasonably ex- 
pect, in most cases, is the nearest approach to the truth to 
which your experience and judgment will lead you. 
The subjoined inquiries are mainly intended to direct 
your attention to certain points on which information is 
desired. It is hoped, therefore, that the mention of 
these will not exclude any other matters of general inter- 
est that may suggest themselves. Your reply to those 
you may feel willing to answer is solicited at as early a 
date as practicable — not later, at all events, than the first 
day of December next. 
Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 
I Charles Mason, Commissioner. 
Domestic Animals. 
What classes of animals can be raised to best advantage 
in your section ? Cost of rearing, and value at various 
ages'? Cost of tiansportating each to the Atlantic or 
Gulf markets, also, by canal, railroad, or on foot '? What 
breeds ai-e the most serviceable for labor, milk, flesh or 
wool '? Have you any imported or blood animals in your 
vicinity'? If so, state the number, breed, history and 
1 pedigree, if known, and the effects of crossing, if any, on 
I your common stock. 
