SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
35 
BLACK TARTARIAN CHERRY. 
This splendid variety of the Cherry, which is also 
known by the name of the Circassian Cherry, Superb 
Circassian, Black Russian, Frazer’s Black Heart, and 
Ronald’s Black Heart, it is said to be a native of Spain, 
having been carried to Russia, thence to England. It is 
also said to have been brought from Circassia to England, 
by Mr, Ronald, in 1794. “It is distinguished for its large 
obtuse- heart-shaped, shining purplish-black fruit, with an 
uneven surface, containing a rich tender flesh, and hangs 
in clusters. It is a cherry of great excellence, bears plen- 
tifully, ripens early, and readily commands in the 
market double the price of the ordinary kinds.” The tree 
grows rapidly, is very ornamental, and is, on all accounts, 
worthy of general cultivation. 
The Cherry Tree {Pmnus Cc’-as^ts,') is said to have 
been introduced into Italy from Pontus, in Asia, by the 
Roman general, Lucullus. Cherries were hawked in the 
streets of London in the beginning of the 15th century. 
There are between two and three hundred varieties under 
cultivation. — People's Journal. 
The Cherry is rather uncertain in the South, especially 
on the seaboard — it succeeds tolerably, however, in many 
sections of the “up country,” and should receive increased 
attention everywhere. 
TO KILL THE PEACH BORER. 
H, N. Longworhty, an experienced fruit-grower, of 
Western New York, furnishes the following for Moore’s 
Rural New Yorker : 
Your late correspondent, Mr. E. H. Prior, on the peach- 
grub, manifestly writes with much practical knowledge 
on the habits of the peach-grub or borer. His mode of 
treatment, so far as it goes, to destroy the grub on a limit- 
ed or small scale, is a very good one. Although the hot 
water practice, as above alluded to would be n very con- 
venient and safe remedy for a few trees about your dwell- 
ing, yet for a more extended business, I would submit the 
following mode of managing the peach-grub, which I have 
practiced for the last fifteen or twenty years : — Some time 
in April, when the ground has become dry, and the 
weather mild, with a trowel or hoe remove the earth from 
the tree sufficiently deep to reach the worms ; then with 
a regular pruning- knife (for no other instrument but a 
hooked, pointed knife is so well adapted to the work,) re- 
move all grubs that have imbedded themselves under the 
bark of the tree ; then return the earth to the tree. Also 
heap up around the tree, four or five inches high, a small 
quantity of leached or unleached ashes, or old lime ; if 1 
these cannot be obtained, earth will accomplish the same 
object nearly as well. ITie after treatment is to remove 
the mound from the tree, where you discover any appear- 1 
ance of gum which will give opportunity to scrape off 
with your knife all the young grubs that have commenced 
their depredations. This latter process should be perform- 
ed in the month of September, always keeping the mound 
up around the trees. 
French Wine Statistics. — Among the many bad things 
swallowed by the American people, it is charged upon 
them that they drink an imtt ense amount of bad wines 
and liquors. For aught we know, this may *’11 be true; 
butfiom the following statistics fuTni>hed the New_ Y"ork 
Farmer’s Club, at a recent meeting of that body, it will 
be seen that there is enough of the genuine article pro- 
duced in and exported from the wine-growing regions to 
quench a vast deal of thirst. The Maine law, in several of 
the States of this Union, has not seemed to interfere with 
the use of the article to such an extent as to keep prices 
from advancing in consequence ol the great falling off in 
production. 
Nearly 5,000,000 acres of land are employed inthe culti- 
vation of the vine in France, from which is made annually 
900 , 000,000 gallons of wine. Theaverago value is 15 cents 
a gallon. The French wines have doubled or trebled in 
value within two past years. Average annual total value 
of the wine crop, a fraction less than $100,000,000. 
Exports.— 50,000,000 gallons are annually exported. The 
south-western and scuth eastern districts of France are the 
most productive. 
Brandy.— 12,000,000 gallons of brandy are annually ex- 
ported. 
Excise.- The excise duty on wines and their distillations 
in 1858 was $285,000. 
LABOBBae,— The number of persons employed in the oulti- 
