SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
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what profusion these miniature trees will produce under 
the care and management of intelligent cultivators. The 
cherries, of course, and the earlier varieties of pear and 
plum were out of season, but of a great number which 
were still in full fruit, I remember some of the leading 
varieties were the White Doyenne, (the celebrated Virga- 
lieu, of New York market) Louis, Bonne d’ Jersey, Easter 
Beurree, Yicar of Winkneld, Napoleon, Bartlett, Oswego 
Beurre, Glout Morceau, Winter Nelis, &c., &c. Among 
the great variety of plums in full fruit, worthy of mention, 
was the Jefferson, a most saperb sort. Duane’s Purple, 
though not of the best quality, yet its dark purple, covered 
with its rich bloom, presented a most tempting appearance. 
Pound’s Seedling, a newly imported variety, is one of rare 
excellence and beauty. The Green Gage, the prince of 
plums, was seen in its greatest perfection. It is worthy of 
remark that while the fruit of this variety is the best of the 
entire catalogue, the tree is one of the most ill-shaped and 
poorest growers, while the numerous seedlings from it are 
among the best proportioned and most vigorous trees. I 
inquired what course had been adopted for the protection 
of this fruit from the ravages of the curculio, and was in- 
formed that although the insect appeared in their grounds 
in the greatest numbers, yet they had been completely 
successful in protecting the fruit, by the most simple 
method of shaking the trees once a day over sheets, upon 
which the insects fell, and from which they were picked 
up and destroyed.” 
fUaiticiiltiiul Sfptliiitiit. 
WORK FOR THE MONTH. 
[March (Latin, Martins) was so named by the Romans 
in honor of Mars, their god of war, and the suppesed 
father of Romulus, in whose arrangement of the year it 
was the first month. It answers the Jewish Nisan or 
Abid, (Nell. ii. 1.) the seventh of their civil and the first of 
their soxred year. By the Saxons it was named Hlyd- 
monath the loud or tuniullnous month ; and also Lenet- 
monath, i. e. Lensth-mo^itk, from the length of the days 
then beginning to exceed that of the nights.] 
THE PLANTATION. 
We have always counseled the raising of an abundant 
supply of provision and provender for man and beast, up- 
on the plantation ; and now earnestly repeat our admo- 
nitions upon this subject. The war in Europe still con- 
tinues, and there is no immediate prospect of a decline in 
the price of breadstuffs or any other of the necessaries ©f 
life. Every planter, gifted with proper foresight, will 
make the abundant production of food his first study. The 
entire “force” of the plantation should no^o be set vigorous- 
ly at work preparing for and putting in full crops of Corn, 
Irish and Sweet Potatoes, Spring Oats, early Cow Peas, 
Millet, Doura and common Corn (broadcast and in the 
drill, for fodder) Lucerne in the drill, &c., &c. 
In preparing for your regular crop, do not forget 
our advice of last month (page 57.) Plow or subsoil your 
land 10 or 12 inches deep (15 inches would be far better!) 
manure heavily, and plant early. Do not lose a moment, 
after the danger of late frost is over. 
As soon as you have finished the planting of Corn, and 
other provision crops, prepare for Cotton planting— but 
not till then. The remarks of one of our contemporaries 
upon this subject, are worth quoting. He says ; 
“It is to be hoped that cotton planters will not be be- 
trayed by the present lovv prices of cotton and their want 
of money, to commit the folly of planting a larger crop 
than usual, in order to make up the required sum by in- 
creased quantity. Increase of production but aggravates j 
the evils under which the planters suffer; for too many 
strain all their energies to make Cotton, to the neglect 
comparatively, of supplies of provisions and other articles 
which every plantation needs, and of which a surplus can 
always find a ready market. This is especially true now, 
for while cotton is unusually low, almost every other 
article usually made on a cotton plantatiou is unusually 
high, and likely to remain so. Corn especially bears a 
very high price, with no prospect of an abatement. Corn 
is now a regular article of shipment to Europe, where it is 
yearly coming more into use. This country will also con- 
tinue to have a large market abroad for all the flour, 
bacon, beef, and every other transportable article of food. 
“Let not the prospect of an early peace deceive the- 
planters into the belief that prices of cotton will necessari- 
ly, in that event, greatly rise, or prices of provisions great- 
ly fall. Though the war should terminate to-morrow, it 
would be a long time before a material change could be 
effected in the causes now regulating prices. 
“To diminish the production of cotton and raise an in- 
creased quantity of provisions would, at all events, be a 
safe policy.” 
So say we ; and v/e cannot but repeat our formerly ex- 
pressed opinion, that it is disgraceful that planters who- 
own hundreds (often thousands) of broad and fertile acres, 
and hands to cultivate them properly, should pay constant 
tribute to the North and West for the common necessaries 
of life. Shake off this galling yoke, at once, and stand 
forth on your own soil, free and independent of all renOte 
and unfriendly sections ! 
Sivect Potatoes should now be bedded out, and a certain, 
provision made for an abundant supply of “draws.” 
No crop cultivated in the South is more worthy of atten- 
tion than the Sweet Potato. It is one of the most valuable 
crop for man or beast, and no planter should fail to have 
full “banks” at the setting in of winter, even if he does not 
make a “big crop” of Cotton. The Hayti (white) Yams, 
the Yellow) Yams, and the large Red Negro Killers'' (so 
called) are all fine and productive varieties. 
Irish Potatoes should be planted in drills 3 feet apart, 
and covered with a thick layer of pine-straw or leaves, as- 
heretofore directed. 
Milet and Doura Corn should also be sown plentifully,, 
during the present and the next two rwonths. Also, Lu- 
cerne, or “Chilian Clover.” We prefer the drill system — 
land deep and rich — for these crops. 
THE KITCHEN GARDEN. 
Sow Carrot, Beet, Parsnip, Cabbage, Lettuce, Radish, 
Salsafy, Tomatoe, Pepper, Spinase, Cuctunber and all 
other desirable varieties of seed, for a succession, to follow 
your earlier crops. Plant Peas ^nd Beans. Set out Cab- 
bages. Transplant from the hot-bed. Tomatoes, Egg, 
Plants, <pc., (^c. Dip the roots in a thin batter formed of 
muck and water, and set out the plants towards sunset, 
carefully guarding against frost, if the nights are cold. 
Dress your Asparagus beds, il neglected last month. 
Strawberry beds will also need attention. Pass over them 
with the hoe, cutting down all grass and weeds — spade, 
or plow under a thick layer of leaf-mould and leached 
ashes, and cover the space between the rows, with 3 or 4 
inches olbroomsedge, pinc-straxv or sav>dvst, as a mulch. 
The broomsedge, from its length, and the ease with which 
it can be gathered on most plantations, will be found very 
convenient to spread along the Strawberry rows, close to 
the plants. It will serve as a wm/cA, and also keep the 
fruit clean, and free from the grit and earth with which it 
is often injured, when left without any protection. 
THE OPvCHARD. 
The Peach Borer should be scalded out of his hiding- 
place with hot water, or dug out with the sharp point of a 
thin-bladed knife. Be careful not to girdle the tree, or 
injure the bark, in hunting for him. After destroying all 
