346 
SOUTH EKN CULTIVATOE. 
ALABAMA STATE FAIE-POSTPOITEMENT. 
In consequence of sickness in Montgomery, tke Fair 
of the Alabama Society is postponed until the 20/.A of 
November, viihen it is confidently expected that all danger 
of infection will be over. It will then be held in Mont- 
gomery, according to previous arrangement. 
It is our intention to witness the Fair inauguration of 
our sister State, unless unavoidably prevented; and we hope 
to meet there, and become personally, acquainted with 
many of our now unknown friends and readers. 
SETTn^G GUT OEUHAEES-TEAUSPLAHTIHG FEUIT 
AIJD OEFASIENTAL TEEES. 
If you wish to enjoy Fruit of the finest kind, from trees 
of your own planting, begin setting them out noio. The 
establishment of a good and perfect orchard, containing a 
s'iiccessum of all the best Fruits adapted to the South — from 
the earliest to the latest —is so easy, in our most favorable 
climate, that it seems a wonder to us that any land-owner, 
v/ho has the comfort and welfare of his family and human- 
ity at heart, should be without one. A contemporary, who 
is engaged in the praiseworthy work of propagating and 
disseminating the choicest varieties of Fruit Trees, has 
truly said : — “ The man who plants an orchard, erects his 
own monument ; and su»ch a monument, built by his ov/n 
hands, reflects greater honor upon his memory than 
towering marble sculptured by his posterity.” It was a 
maxim ol the Romans, that ‘-old men must plant trees,' 
for young men were not wise enough;” but, alas! we fear 
that neither old men or young aVepverburdened with trfee- 
planting wisdom, wherever the all-powerful cotton plant 
holds sway. Let us not be misunderstood — cotton is a 
glorious plant, and we yield to no one in proper estima- 
tion of its value ; but that its cullivatidn throughout the 
South has beeij pushed onward to the almost total exclu- 
sion of many products which contribute very largely to 
the comfort and luxury of life, no one vl'ill deny. 
In our ^.ttention to Fruits, particularly, we are far be- 
hind our neighbors of the North, though our advantages 
in climate, length of the growing season, number of varie- 
ties, &c., surpass their’s, immeasurably. For instance: 
in the vicinity of Augusta, we have the Apple, Pear, 
Peach, Pium, Nectarine, Apricot, Quince, Cherry, Grape., 
Strawberry, Raspberry, Blackberry, Melon, and other 
hardy fruits, common to more Northern climates, growing 
side by side with the Fig, the Pomegranate, the Jujube 
and the Olive — all denizens of the warmer, semi-tropical 
latitudes ; while, a short distance south of us, the Orange, 
the Lemon, the Lime, the Guava and the Banana flourish 
equally well. With all our advantages of climate, there- 
fore, and with every variety of soil and exposure — with 
the markets of the whole world thrown open, and, as it 
were, “brought to our very doors,” by the all potent aid of 
steam, on land and sea — is it not surprising that the South 
has not poured olive “oil and wine,” fresh fruit and dried, 
and many other luxurious dainties, into the laps of less 
favored Northern nations, long ere thisl 
That she has not done so heretofore is to us, indeed, a 
marvel and a wonder ; but that our people should con- 
tinue indifferent to their own enjoyment and interest in 
this matter much longer, seems hardly possible, when vre 
reflect upon tlie success which has everywliere attended 
all well-directed efforts in Fruitgrowing, in every section of 
the South, as evinced for a few years past at our Agricul- 
tural and Horticultural exhibitions, and through the 
columns of our own and other journals of similar charac- 
ter. 
It is not impropable that the failures which have often 
attended the introduction of Northern and European trees 
into the South, have had a discouraging effect upon many 
persons v.?ho were desirous of cultivating Fruit; but now 
that we are beginning to establish large Nurseries for 
the propagation and sale of Southern Seedling Fruits, and 
the proper acclimation of Northern and. foreign varieties, 
there can be no possible drawback upon the prosecution 
of this delightful pursuit, except indifference, indolence, 
and the want of proper information. 
This information it has been and will be our aim to 
communicate to our readers from tirne to time, and as the 
season for transpLnling trees and shrubbery is now close 
at hand, a few suggestions as to tlfe best manner ofper- 
formipg that important operation, may not be unaccept- 
able: 
TRANSPLANTING TREES AND SHRUBBERY. 
1. Thx Time. — When the leaves have fallen, and after 
the first good, soaking fall rains, is the best time for 
transplanting Fruit and all deciduous ornamental tree, in 
the South; but any tim^' before February will do. 
' f?. Pfeparatioh of the G roun'd.^li not naturally dry, 
your land must be thoroughly drained. Then plow and 
cross-plow, stirring up the subsoil and pulverizing the 
earth as deeply as possible. The subsoil plow, following 
in the furrow made by a good common double turning- 
plow, ought to do this work well, if properly used. On 
fresh, new land, no manure will be needed ; but, on poor, 
old fields, it will be nece.ssary either to turn under a good 
crop of pea vines, or to give the land a heavy top-dressing 
of compost formed of stable manure, woods mould, broken 
bones, ashes, lime, &c., being careful to bury all fertiliz- 
ing matter well at the final plowing. Then harrov/ youT 
ground finely, stake it off at the proper distance for the 
trees, and prepare these for planting. 
3. Preparation of the This consists in cutting 
off smoothly, with an upward slant, the ends of all broken 
or bruised roots, and cutting in the limbs or branches to 
correspond with the loss which the roots have sustained. 
The tap root should, also, be cut off smoothly, leaving 
rather a concave space between the lateral or side roots. 
4. Planting — Dig your holes at least 4 feet across and 
2 feet deep — throw the surface soil on one side and the 
subsoil on the other, and mix with tl*e latter a small pro- 
portion of the compost before mentioned, or some good 
rich mould. Then throw the surface soil into the bottom 
of the hole and fill up nearly to the surface with the re- 
mainder, raising the earth in the form of a mound upon 
the centre of which the tree is to be placed at about the 
same depth it stood while in the Nursery. It must then 
be held steadily while the finely pulverized earth is sifted 
