INTRODUCTION. 
xlvii 
abundant. From the 16th to the 24th of May is supposed to he the time when they usually breed; and in 
1860 a Lapp, who was unfortunately not one of his collectors, found a nest with six eggs, which, instead 
of preserving, he ate. 
“ Many specimens, said to be eggs of this bird, have lately been received by European oologists, the 
majority of which are from the missionaries in Labrador. One of those I now exhibit I obtained from Herr 
Moschler. He received it, with several others, in 1860, from Okkak, one of the four stations maintained 
on the coast by the United Brethren. He has had in all more than two dozen from that quarter. The 
Esquimaux find and bring them to the missionaries ; and the accounts they give tally exactly with those 1 
have just quoted from other sources. The bird always breeds on the ground in bare places, and often lays a 
considerable number of eggs.” 
Genus Surnia. 
Hitherto the birds of this form inhabiting Northern Europe and the northern parts of America have been 
regarded as identical, in which case the genus would consist of a single species ; but at a recent meeting of 
the Zoological Society, Messrs. Sharpe and Dresser have endeavoured to show that the American bird is 
dilferent from the European. 
42. Surnia funerea ........... Vol. I. PI. XXXV. 
Hawk Owl. 
Six or seven instances of the occurrence of the Hawk Owl in Britain are on record. 
Genus Nvctale. 
The only member of this genus known to have been found in England is tbe Nyclale Tengmalmi, of 
Northern Europe and North America. 
43. Nvctale Tengmalmi Vol. 1. PI. XXXVI. 
Tengmalm’s Owl. 
Although Mr. Harting enumerates twenty instances of the occurrence of this bird in various parts of our 
islands, it must still be regarded as a rare and uncertain visitor. Its range extends over Europe and 
Northern Asia, as far south as Nepaul ; and if, as Mr. Elliot believes, the species known as N. Richardsoni 
is identical with it, then the northern and arctic portions of North America must be included within the 
circuit of its domain. 
