4/0 
the carboniferous volcanoes 
BOOK VI 
Section of the Volcanic Series below the Hhrlet or Main Limestone on the 
Coast op Fife, west op Kinghorn, in descending order i 
. Becklish and white sandstones. 
. Shale with hard ribs of limestone and ironstone nodules. Fossils abundant. 
. Limestone, criiioidal, 8 or 9 feet. 
■ calcareous towards the top, where shells are plentiful. 
■ Keddisii false-bedded sandstones, with bands of reddish and blue shale 
. Lasalt in two sills .separated by 2 or 3 feet of sandstone and shale. 
ark hssile sandy shale, passing up into wliite shaly sandstone, and including a thin 
parting of impure coal. 
Limestone (Hhrlet or Main Seam) in a number of bands having a united thickness 
ol 25 feet. Abundant fossils. 
Black shale becoming calcareous at top, and then enclosing abundant Products, etc , 
o or 10 leet. ’ 
Red and green tufaceous marl and tuff. About 30 feet. 
Basalt, the lower part strongly amygdaloidal. 
'^^r^T feet coarse below, becoming finer above, 3 
^TlitL* below amygdaloidal, with an irregular bottom involving masses of the 
Dark calca,reou8 shale and dull green tufaceous marly shale, 2 or 3 feet. 
Lrinoidal limestone in several bands with a united thickness of 10 feet 
Shale, ] foot. 
Fine green sandy tufis in a number of bands of varying coarseness, about G feet. 
Ufeet of Aviculopeeten immediately under the tuffs above. 
Soft, light, marly shale with fragmentary jilants, H feet. 
Dark fissile shale, full of lish-scales, plants, etc., 3 feet. 
Basalt, rudely columnar, dark fine-grained in centre, becoming highly amvgdaloidal 
and scoriaceous at bottom ami top. = r, i 
Basalt like the sheet above, vesicular at top and bottom, with a parting of red clav 
on top. ‘ 
Fissile rippled sandy shale, with plants, having a red and green marlv parting at the 
loj), or 14 leet. " 
Basalts ; a group of beds, probably in part sills, involving three bands of sandstone 
or quartzite. 
Quartzite — a hard white altered sandstone, 2 to 3 feet. 
Ba,salt, light green, earthy, amygdaloidal. 
Sandstones and shales with plants, 25 feet. 
Basalt, With a highly nmygdaloiilal central band. There may be several sheets here 
ureen tufaceous shale and marl, 1 foot. 
Basalt, dark, firm and amygdaloidal. 
Sandstones and shales with plants. 
Basalt forming west side of Kinghorn Bay, and including more than one sheet. 
1 lie rock is very black, compact, irregularly columnar, with the usual amvgdaloidal 
earthy band at the base, and forms the crag called the Carlinehead Rocks. An 
irregular and inconstant band of dull green tiifiiceoiis .sliale, sometimes 2 feet thick 
serves to separate two of the basalt-sheets. Below it lies a remarkable scoriaceows 
a most breociated ba.salt, which has been broken up on cooling in such a maimer 
that at first it might be mistaken for a volcanic conglomerate. 
75 
74 
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70. 
69. 
C8. 
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65, 
64. 
6.3. 
62. 
61. 
60 . 
59. 
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57. 
56. 
55. 
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his of rooks m this interesting coast-section wa.s briefly given by Dr. P. Neill in 
arv of H note/, p. 215. Ho was seeret- 
1 Line H 1 tho Wernerian terniinology is used without 
a hint that any single hand iii the whole serie-s is of volcanic origin. 
