Biological Control in Western Qustralia. 
7 
Table I shows what is known of these introductions:— 
TABLE I. 
Intro- 
Date 
Where 
Number 
Subse- 
Parasite or Predator. 
Introduced From. 
duced 
Intro- 
Liberated. 
Liber- 
quent 
By. 
duced. 
ated. 
History. 
Coccinellid 
Marseilles .... 
Compere 
1904 
Metropolitan 
Established 
Area 
Cocc t fiella ml if or n ica 
California 
do. 
1906 
do. 
328 
Failed 
Man. 
do. 
? 
Rbizohius sp. 
Queensland and New 
do. 
1902 
South Wales 
471 
Failed 
Hippodamia converges 
Gucr. 
California 
do. 
1900 
do. 
Coccinellid 
Italy 
do. 
1906 
do. 
do. 
Do. 
India 
do. 
1906 
do. 
05 
do. 
Do. 
AlJ^e^ia 
do. 
1907 
do. 
8 
do. 
Verania Uneola Fabr. 
Eastern Australia .... 
do. 
1902 
do. 
do. 
Scymnodes Ih'idi- 
do. do 
do. 
1902 
do. 
do. 
ga^it^r Nuls. 
Syrphid flies 
Do. 
Malaga (Spain) 
do. 
do. 
do. 
1902 
1903 
do. 
Guildford 
2 
do. 
V 
Do. 
Colombo 
do. 
1907 
Metrtjpolitan 
10 
9 
Area 
Do. 
Philippine Islands.... 
do. 
1909 
do. 
50 
? 
Cocrinella sepfpmpunc- 
Mediterranean 
do. 
1903 
do. 
Failed 
takt L. 
Hvmenoptera 
Algiers 
Tasmania .... 
do. 
1906 
do. 
do. 
Orcus bilunuMus .... 
Lea 
1901 
Swan 
(Anon 1901A) 
1901 
Ilayhia mellyii (Anon 
do. 
do. 
lUOlA) 
Coccinellid 
Colombo 
Compere 
1907 
Metropolitan 
25 
Failed 
Area 
Do. 
do 
do. 
1907 
do. 
V 
do. 
Do. 
India 
do. 
1907 
do. 
Do. 4 spp 
do 
do. 
1907 
Metropolitan 
430 
9 
Area and 
Goldfields 
(Kalgoorlie?) 
and Burra- 
coi)pin 
Unspecified (Despeissis, 
1906) 
Do. do. 
Queensland 
N.S.W 
do. 
do. 
1902 
1902 
Metropolitan 
Area 
Perth and 
5 
40 
9 
Bunbury 
Do. do. 
Seville 
do. 
1903 
Metropolitan 
4 
9 
Do. do. 
do. 
do. 
1003 
do. 
50 
9 
Do. do. 
Algiers 
do. 
1906 
do. 
LITERATURE. 
Anon, 1901, “ Scale-eating Lady-birda,” Journ. Dept. Agric. W. Aust, Vol. III., p. 143. 
Anon, 1901A, “ Tasmanian Lady-birds,” ibid. Vol. IV., p. 205. 
Despeissis, A. 1901 “ Leis conformis in Western Australia,” ibid. Vol. IV., p. 348. 
Despeissis, A., 1906, ibid, Vol. XIV, p. 325. 
F. COCCIDAE. 
Saissetia oleae (Bern.) (Olive Scale) 
This almost cosinopolitau pest has been established in Western Australia 
for many years. In fact, Lea (1895) suggested that it was an indigenous species, 
although there appear to l'>e no authentic grounds for this assumption. 
For many years, Olive or Black Scale was one of the most serious pests 
of local orchards (Newunan 1909), but successful parasite introductions have 
greatly reduced the toll taken by this insect. 
