Biological Control in Western Australia. 
5 
literature. 
Newman, L. J. 1934, Journ. Dept. Agric. W. Aust. Ser. 2., Vol. XI., p. Ill, 
Newman, L. J., Ibid. Vol. XI, p. 573. 
Newman, L. J., Ibid. Vol. XI, p. 434. 
F. JASSIDAE. 
Typhlocyba froggatti Baker (Apple leafhopper). 
The apple leafhopper is a native of Europe which has now become estab- 
lished in many apple grOAving coimtries of the world. 
It was first recorded in Australia in 1918 but did not reach AVestem Aust- 
ralia until 1938 when it wa« reported at Bridgetowm. 
Artificial control measures employing nicotine suljihate and D.D.T. have* 
proved very satisfactory^ but an attempt to establish a wasp parasite was con- 
sidered justified. Anagrits armatus A.shm. was successfully introduced from 
New Zealand by Hr. J. Evans of the Tasmanian Department of Agriculture 
and parasitised overwintering egg.s Avere obtained from this soru-ce in 1943^ 
The wasps were liberated at Bridgetown in Octobei’, 1943, but so far there 
is no evidence of their having become established. Arrangements are in hand 
for further introductons to be carried out. 
LITERATURE. 
Jenkins, C. F. H. 1943, Journ. Dept. Agric. W. Aust. ser. 2, A^ol. XX., p. 194. 
F. APHIDIDAE. 
Brevicoryne brassicae Linn. (Cabbage Aphis), 
Several attempts have been made to control cabbage aphis biologically 
and, although complete success has not been attained, the pest has been greatly 
reduced. The chief controlling factor is recorded as being a hymenopterous 
parasite obtained from Ceylon, tAventy' four having been originally introduced 
by George Com])ere in 1907 (Robinson 1908). Taa’o Coccinellids and two hymen- 
opterous parasites (one possibly being Direretus rapee Curt.) Avere also introduced 
by Compere from Eastern Australia in 1902 (Comjiero 1902 and Anon 1906). 
Ormis chahjbens Bd. became established, but O. lajartei Alls, did not survive. 
Lea (1897) referred to the Cabbage Aphis as the “ Avorst enemy tliat the cab- 
bage has.” Newman (1934) says the position is greatly improved by 
the introduction of parasites from the Orient.” 
So far it has not been possible to check the identity of the hymenoptera 
involved. 
LITERATURE. 
Compere, G. 1902, Introduction of Parasites,” Journ. Dept. Agric. W. Aust. Vol. VI., 
p. 238. 
Despeissis, A. 1906, “Acting Director’s Report,” Ibid. Vol. XIA^, p. 327. 
Lea, A. AI. 1895, Journ. Bxir. Agric. W. Aust. Vol. 2, p. 551. 
Newman, L. J. 1907, “ Rejjort of Assist. Entomologist,” Journ, Dept. Agric. W. Ausf. 
Vol. XV., p. 918. 
