IOWA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE 
119 
argenteum R. Br.), Kruppelboom or Knotted Tree (Leucospermum conocarpum 
R. Br.) the Waagenboom {Protea grandiflora Thunb.), Sugarbush (P. mellifera 
Thunb.), Lomatia ilicifolia R. Br and L. longifoUa R. Br. 
SANTALACEAE. 
The Cape Sumac or Pruim Bast {Golpoon compressus Berg.) furnishes a 
yellow dye and its leaves and twigs contain tannin. The Quandong {Fusanus 
acuminatus R. Br.) contains dark-colored tannin. 
POLYGONACEAE. 
Polygonum amphidium L. (Water Persicaria) contains tannin. 
P. aviculare L. (Crabweed, Mantil, Ninety-knot, or Pinkweed) contains tannin. 
P. Hydropiper Mx. (Water Smartweed, Lake-weed, Red-shanks, Redweed, or 
Biting Knotweed) contains tannin. Plowright in “British Dye Plants” reports 
a folk-use of this plant in dyeing pale-yellow. 
P. Muhlenhergii (Meisn.) Wats, has been employed in Iowa in tanning 
leather and is still known as tanweed or leather weed. 
P. Persicaria L. (Persicaria, Lady’s Thumb) contains tannin. 
Other tan-plants among the Smartv/eeds are P. dardatum L., P. Bistorta L., 
P. chinense L., and P. perfoUatum L. The Japanese Indigo Plant (P. tinetorium 
Ait.) is a commercial source of indigo. The Sea-side Grape or Lobe-berry 
{Goccoloha uvifera L.) is one of the commercial redwoods containing dye- 
principles. The cultivated Rhubarb {Rheum officinale Baill.) is used in Thibet 
as a dye-plant. The Docks probably all contain some tannin, Canaigre {Rumex 
hymenosepalus Torr.) probably being the most important, although R. maritu 
mus L. is also used. 
CHENOPODIACEAE. 
The cultivated Spinach (S^pinace-a oleracea L.) contains a yellow dye-prin- 
ciple. 
PHYTOLACCACEAE. 
Phytolacca decandra L. (Pokeweed, Kermes-berries, Portugal-berries, Pigeon- 
berries, Red-Nightshade, Red-ink Plant) furnishes a red dye. 
The Blood-plant {Rivina humilis L.) contains a red juice which the ladies 
of South America use as a rouge. 
RANUNCULACEAE. 
Caltha palustris L. (Marsh Marigold, Cowslip). A yellow dye known to 
folk use is obtained from this plant. 
Hydrastis canadensis L. (Golden Seal, Canada Yellow-root, Indian Dye, 
Orange-root, Yellow Puccoon). From the rhizome and rootlets a yellow dye, 
of commercial importance is obtained. 
The Asbarg or gandhaki {Delphinium Zalil) is named by W. G. Berry (Cir. 
25, Bur. Chem. U. S. D. A.) as being used in Afghanistan as the source of a 
yellow dye which is derived from the blossoms. The same author mentions 
the Buttercup {Ranunculus tulhosus L.) as furnishing a yellow dye. In 
Great Britain, a yellow dye is obtained from Thalictrum flavum- L. (Fen Rue, 
Poor-man’s Rhubarb). According to John Smith, a yellow dye is obtained 
from the roots of Yellow-root {Zanthoriza apiifolia L’Herit). 
