126 
IOWA ACADEMY OP SCIENCE 
ARALIACEAE. 
Prom the leaves of the Ivy-Bindweed or English Ivy {Hedera Helix L.) 
a black dye is obtained. 
UMBELLIFERAE, 
Daucus Carota L. (Carrot) The juice has a commercial importance as a 
butter-color. The celery {Apium graveolens L.) furnishes a yellow-green dye 
and the Parsley {A. petroselinum L.) a yellow dye. 
THYMELAEACEAE. 
' A yellow dye is obtained from Tliymelaea tinctoria Endl. 
CORNACEAE. 
The Cornelian Cherry, Kizzeljiek, .or Redwood of Turkey {Gornus Mas L.) 
furnishes a red dye. Some species contain a small amount of tannin. 
ERICACEAE. 
The Bearberry or Manzanita {Arctostaphylos Uva-ursi Spreng and A. pungens 
H. B. K.) contain tannin. In England, Plowright reports the use of Ling 
or Dog Heather, Crow Ling, Besom or Broom {Calluna vulgaris (L) Salisb.) 
in making a yellow-brown dye. Prom the Bilberry or Whortleberry (Vaccinium 
myrUlloides and Y. Myrtillus L.) a blue to purple dye is obtained and from 
the Cranberry or Red Bilberry (P. Yitis-Idaea L.) a red dye. 
PLUMBAGINACEAE. 
Tannin is present in the Marsh Rosemary or Sea Lavender (Statice Li- 
monium L.) 
EBENACEAE. 
Tannin is present in the unripe fruit of both the native Persimmon {Biospyros 
virginiana L.) and the Japanese species (D. KaTci L.) and is probably present 
in other species. 
SYMPLOCACEAE. 
Prom the leaves of the Sweet-leaf, Horse-sugar, Plorida Laurel or Yellow- 
wood (Symplocos tinctoria L’Herit.) a yellow dye is obtained. 
OLEACEAE. 
Fraxinus quadrangulata Mx. (Blue Ash) contains a blue dye-principle. Prom 
the berries of the Privet, Skedge, Prim, or Print (Ligustrum vulgare L.) a 
bluish-red dye is made. Prom the same plant a green dye is known to folk- 
use in England. 
GENTIANACEAE. 
A yellow dye is obtained from the Yellowwort {Chlora perfoliata L.) and 
from the Bitter-root or Bitterwort (Gentiana lutea L.). 
APOCYNACEAE. 
The leaves of the Ivory-Tree (Wrightia tinctoria R. Br.) contain indigo. 
Aspidosperma Quel)racho-l)lanco Schl. contains tannin. 
ASCLEPIADACEAE. 
The leaves of Stephanotis {Marsdenia tinctoria R. Br.) yield indigo. 
BORAGIXACEAE. 
EcJlium vulgare L. (Blue Thistle, Viper’s Bugloss, Blue-weed, Blue-stem) 
contains a violet dye-principle in its roots. 
