52 
DESCRIPTION OF THE COAST. 
the right meets the carbonaceous sandstone and shale on the left. The 
extent of the dislocation is about one hundred and forty feet ; its 
direction agrees with the well-known observation of miners, that “ the 
fault dips or underlays on the sunken side:” an observation to the 
truth of which I have never seen an exception. 
RED CLIFF 
Which is immediately beyond this fault, is two hundred and eighty - 
five feet above high-water, and consists of the same strata as Gris- 
thorpe cliff, but the carbonaceous shale at the bottom scarcely appears. 
The calcareous grit beds at the top consist of the lower portions of that 
rock, and beneath them are the gray alternations, which so gradually 
change into Oxford clay, that no very distinct line can be drawn. The 
Kelloways rock beneath is very completely exhibited, with a thickness 
of near thirty feet, and the cornbrash with its characteristic fossils comes 
out from beneath. All these strata are cut off, and made to terminate 
abruptly, by the rapid descent from Red cliff to Cayton mill ; beyond 
which is an unexpected cliff of calcareous grit, sunk upwards of two 
hundred feet below its general level, and based on the Oxford clay. No 
doubt this is owing to some ancient subsidence or sliding of a part of 
the hill above. Immediately beyond, rises the lower portion of the 
carbonaceous series, and, at the prominent point called Ewe nab, ascends 
so far into the cliff that the oolitic beds, which were before seen at the 
island on the north side of Gristhorpe bay, appear above the level of 
high-water. 
The oolitic beds which here present their huge blocks to the ivaves, 
are so very similar to those described near the above-mentioned island, 
as to need no additional description, further than to notice that the mille- 
porje are here broken and less plentiful, and shells perhaps not so scarce ; 
but the carbonaceous beds above them are different. (See the enlarged 
section.) The reversed series is as follows : 
a. 1 he oolitic limestone filled with fragments of coral, crinoidea, echinida, and shells. 
b. Soft yellow sandstone with ochry balls. 
