FLORA OF YO SEMITE 
253 
common imthe gravelly soil. The enchanter’s nightshade ( Circaea 
pacifica) is frequent in moist shady woods near springs. Godetia 
viminea with purple flowers and fireweed ( Bpilobivfm angusti- 
folium ) form showy masses in open woods. This latter species 
is more common northward into British Columbia in the Rocky 
Mountains and northern United States. Of the Compositae the 
following may be mentioned : the yarrow ( Achillea Millefolium) , 
wormwood ( Artemisia dracunculoides) , thistle ( Cirsium Calif or- 
nicum), Wyethia angustifolia, everlasting ( Anaphalis margarita- 
cea), Chrysopsis villosa var Bolanderi , goldenrod ( Solidago occi- 
dentals and S. Calif arnica) . A species of Lessingia is common 
in open gravelly places in the floor of the valley. The common 
horseweed (Brig er on canadensis) is naturalized in many places 
as is the tumbling mustard ( Sisymbrium altissimum) . There are 
several species of monkey flowers but the most interesting and 
beautiful is the cardinal monkey flower (Mimulus cardinalis), a 
perennial with villous pubescent stems and bright scarlet flowers. 
It is common in the vicinity of springs and little rivulets. A 
yellow flowered monkey flower (Mimulus doribundus) with slimy 
viscid musk-scented leaves is common also in springy places. The 
figwort (Scrophularia Californica) is common in the Sierras, es- 
pecially in moist gulches. 
In moist ravines near springs in the Yosemite valley there are 
sometimes great quantities of cleavers (Galium aparine and Gal- 
ium trifidum) of the madder family Rubiaceae. There are not 
many plants of the honeysuckle family Capri foliaceae. At El 
Portal and in the floor of the valley the slopes of hills and rocky 
places contain considerable quantities of the blue elderberry (Sam- 
bucus glauca), whose bluish fruit with a whitish bloom is quite 
striking. The California honeysuckle (Lonicera hispidula var 
Californica) is common in canyons along streams. 
Of the mint family (Uabiatae) the fragrant Monarda lance- 
olata with rose-purple corolla occurs in the foothills. The com- 
mon mint (Mentha canadensis) is not uncommon in marshes. 
Self heal (Prunella vulgaris) is common in the floor of the valley. 
The European horehound (Marrubium vulgar e) is a common 
naturalized weed in the great valley and in the foothills. It 
occurs commonly at El Portal. Of the milkweed family (Asclep- 
iadaceae) our Asclepias speciosa is common as well as A. cor di- 
folia. The Apocynum cannabinum of the Apocynaceae is common 
in the valley. The beautiful western azalea (Rhododendron occi- 
dentals) of the Ericaceae occurs in many places in great profusion 
overhanging small streams. The wild ginger (Asarum Hart- 
