EVERGREENS OF IOWA 
335 
Nfd. to Va., cent. la., and northward. 
FI. Apr. 
Fr. 
2. A. concolor One-color F. White Fir Silver Fir 
Lvs. long, blunt, light green, flexible, 2mm. wide. Tree broadly ' 
conic, dense. 
Cones 7.-1 2cm. long, oblong, green, purple or yellow. 
Cult, frequent. 
Campus. 
Oreg. and Col. to Mex. 
Fr. 
FL 
5. Tsuga 
Hemlock 
(Japanese name of one species) 
Broadly conical evergreens, with slender, branches, horizontal 
or drooping. Lvs. spirally arranged but displayed in 2 rows, 
short-stalked, and continuing down the stem as a low ridge. 
Cones small, l-2cm. across. Stam. fls. axillary, stalked inside the 
bud scales. Fist. fl. terminal. 
1. T. canadensis Canadian Hemlock Eastern Hemlock 
Characters of the genus. 
Cult, rather rare. 
Nursery; Woods farm. 
N. B. to Wise, and Ala. 
Fl. Apr.-May. Fr. 
Note: This very feathery and beautiful tree is in many ways the most 
attractive of the evergreens. It is of slow growth, but seems perfectly 
hardy here. In the northern U. S. it formerly grew in great abundance. 
The wood has long been used in great quantities for rough construction 
work; it is coarse and splintery. The bark is very valuable for tanning. 
Much timber has been destroyed simply for the bark, the 3 or 4 ft. logs 
being left to rot This process was formerly called “developing our re- 
sources it is now known to be destroying our heritage. Eastern hem- 
lock lumber has nearly all been cut. 
6. Pseudotsuga Douglas Fir 
(Pseudo, false, and Tsuga) 
Conical or oval dark green trees, with branches rising. Lvs. 
spirally arranged but spreading in 2 rows, flat, flexible, paler be- 
neath, shedding so as to leave a round upraised scar. Winter 
buds conic, very sharp and smooth, chocolate brown. 
Cones with 3-lobed bracts extending beyond the thin rounded 
scales. 
1. P. taxipolia Yew-leafed P. Oregon Pine Douglas Fir 
Characters of the genus. 
Pist fl. a cluster of slender pink bracts. Bark with pustules 
of resin. Lvs. about 2cm. long. 
