EVERGREENS OF IOWA 
337 
Queb. to N. C., Minn, and Man. 
FI. March-Apr. Fr. Oct. 
Note: A valuable ornamental, appearing in many forms: globular, 
pyramidal, golden, etc. It furnishes the white cedar posts and telephone 
poles of the middle west. Its home is in cold northern bogs. 
2. T. oriKntalis Eastern T. Oriental Arbor-vitse 
Twigs mostly vertical, without distinction of upper and lower 
sides. Cone scales with a prominent fleshy knob. 
Cult. rare. 
Nursery; Traer, la. 
Persia to e. Asia. 
FI. Apr. Fr. 
Note: A pleasing, ornamental, but often suffering winter injury. It 
becomes a large tree in favorable conditions. The young plants of this 
genus have needle-like lvs. 0.5-1 cm. long ; specimens which retain this 
juvenile foliage are often cult. 
9. Juniperus Juniper 
(A classical name) 
Evergreens with small lvs. which are needle-like or scalelike, 
opp. or whorled in 3’s. 
Pist. fl. 2mm. wide, greenish white, of about 6 opposite 4-ranked 
scales. Stam. fl. ovoid, 3-4mm. long, brown, with 8-12 opposite 
scales, each with 3-4 sporangia. Fr. a fleshy “berry,” black or 
bluish-waxy. 
1. Erect shrub; lvs. in whorls of 3, needle-shape ,at rt. angles to stem 
I. J. communis 
1. Sprawling shrub; lvs. in 2’s or 3’s, short, slightly spreading 
2 . J. horizontalis 
1. Erect tree; lvs. mostly opposite, needle-like or scalelike; if needle- 
like, at acute angle with stem j. /. virginiana 
1. J. communis Common J. 
Erect, much branched, columnar shrub, to l-2m. tall, with lvs. 
whorled in 3’s, about 1cm. long, standing nearly at right angles to 
stem, bluish-waxy above. 
FIs. axillary. Lvs. 12 -20mm. long. Berry 6-8mm. in diameter. 
Cult. rare. 
Nursery. 
Mass, to N. C., N. Mex. and Man. ; also in Europe. Rare in 
America. 
Fl. Apr. Fr. Sept. 
Note: An ornamental columnar evergreen, but too tender for our win- 
ters. The berries are used in medicine, and formerly served to flavor that 
strong alcoholic beverage Gin (short for Geneva). 
2. J. horizontalis Horizontal J. Savin 
Tow trailing shrub, 0.5-lm tall, the trunk horizontal, the branches 
