DEPOSITED IN WATER. 
25 
veins cross the ridge, ranging E. or E. S. E., and are traversed by 
north and south lines of irregular cavities called « gulphs,’ which are 
full of broken portions of the bordering rock, and are said to ‘ruin 
the veins.’ Shales and grits of great thickness, inclosing a thin lime- 
stone, envelope on all sides the oval mass of Greenhow limestone, 
which is more than 100 fathoms thick, the bottom having never been 
reached. 
Wharf edale . — From Appletreewick by Burnsall, Grassington, Conis- 
ton, as far as Kettlewell, the limestone so largely developed in Wharf e- 
dale conforms to the southern type. From Kettlewell downward 
to Litton dale, its area is narrow, and so continues on the left 
bank to Grassington, but on the right it expands considerably in 
Litton dale, and on the hills above Kilnsea, to connect with the 
great limestone plateau of Malham moors. 
The thickness of limestone exposed between Kettlewell and Great 
Whernside is about 900 feet. According to my own observations, 
corrected in part by an account given me by the men employed in 
a mine on the bank of one of the streams which I explored here, 
the series downward consists of the following terms, (under grits and 
shales.) 
Path. Ft. ■ In. 
Limestone, a hard sharp stone in nodular beds 
1 0 0 
Parting of shale 
Limestone, light coloured 
Parting of shale 
13 0 
6 0 0 
Plate 
Limestone, rather dark coloured, forming bold scars 
Limestone, light coloured 
10 0 0 
0 4 6 
13 0 0 
P arting of shale 
Limestone ... 
Fine gritstone, yielding flags occasionally 
Gray limestone (product® in the lower beds) 
35 0 0 
