SUBTERRANEAN MOVEMENTS, &c. 103 
In the same district some red limestone beds (low in the series of 
limestone) range north and south and dip east 10° on the hill near 
Huno-erstone hall. The brockram or equivalent of magnesian con- 
glomerate ranges also north and south. South of Kirby Stephen an east 
and west ridge joins the Penine fault from the Cumbrian district, and 
adds to the complication. ( See Diag. No. 3.) 
The direction of the main dislocation becomes south by west from 
Wild Boar fell to Gray garth, where it turns again to the east. From 
Brough to near Kirby Lonsdale the western side of the fault is com- 
monly marked by vertical or highly inclined limestone, called the 
‘ edge beds.’ 
The lower end of Garsdale shews distinctly the fact of the beds 
on the east or elevated side of the Penine region being thrown into 
highly angular positions, close to the fault. On entering this valley 
from Sedbergh we find the beds of grauwacke dipping north-west 10°, 
Limestone ridges (of the lower series) appear crossing the bed of 
the river in lines nearly north and south, and dipping 80°, 70°, 60°, 40°, 
to the east, according to their proximity to the axis of the fault. In the 
fells to the east the upper or Yoredale limestones appear nearly level; 
the lower limestones also become nearly horizontal as they recede from 
the plane of dislocation. 
The appearances between Dent and Kirby Lonsdale are highly 
curious. In passing along the road from Dent to Barbon, we pro- 
ceed chiefly on the overthrown beds west of the Penine fault; and 
these are seen in several places vertical, and in others dipping 60° west, 
so as to come, apparently endways, in contact with a line of grauwacke 
hills rising a thousand and more feet above the valley. The water courses 
in which beds sloping west are best seen, also shew higher up the beds 
on the eastern side of the fault. In some cases these aie found to 
dip east about 30°, in others they lie level. The valley in which 
the road runs follows the edge beds for some miles, but then turns 
at right angles through the slate ridge on the west, Having passed 
