SUBTERRANEAN MOVEMENTS, &c. 
113 
initiate relation of veins to these axes different from that which they 
bear to great faults. Such a case occurs in the country occupied by 
the Ribblesdale system, for the many parallel anticlinals which compose 
it are little influenced by great faults. Few mineral veins are worked in 
these tracts — but both in the Skipton ridge, and the Lothersdale valley 
of elevation, we have several metalliferous veins running across the 
axis of dislocation, and in the western anticlinal of Bolland one running 
along the axis. 
Again, it is parallel to the Craven fault that the calamine mine 
of Malham moors has been worked, and in the same country other 
veins, nearly in the same direction, range over the limestone hills of 
Arncliffe and Hardflask. 
As a negative instance the paucity of mineral veins in the great 
undisturbed mountain limestone of Ireland is of value. 
From all these considerations it is apparent that the local abundance 
of mineral veins is very much in proportion to the proximity of great 
lines of fault, and anticlinal elevation, and that their east and west di- 
rection, though very predominant, is yet in the Penine region variable 
in relation to such faults. Where the Cross fell fault ranges N. N. W., 
it is rectangled to the right running veins and parallel to the cross veins ; 
where it ranges S. S. W. it is still rectangled to the majority of the 
veins ; near the east and west Tynedale fault, and for a great distance 
south, the veins range east and west ; near the E. S. E. Craven fault 
many of the veins range E. S. E. and W. N. W. Fewer veins depend 
on anticlinal axes of elevation, and most of them cross these axes. 
The veins in Flintshire are mostly a little north of east and a little 
west of north — those of Derbyshire are in the northern parts N. N. E. 
and in the southern parts S. S. E. Are the Flintshire and North 
Derbyshire veins dependent on the N. W. faults and axes of elevation, 
and the South Derbyshire veins parallel to the southern limestone fault ? 
Q 
