138 
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY 
clip to north-east from Wharfedale toward Wensleydale may be extended 
as far as Widdale fell. A northward slope may also be traced in Wharn- 
side and from this mountain to Bar fell, and north-east to Cotter fell. 
Partial dislocations have little effect in this whole region, which is 
therefore proved to have a regular dip of one hundred feet per mile 
north-east, for the whole area between Wensleydale, Wharfedale, and 
the Penine fault. 
North-easterly dips are often locally evident in the area between 
Kettlewell dale, Ribblesdale, and the Craven fault, they are very de- 
cided in all the region of Ingleborough (as Mr. Nixon has shewn very 
satisfactorily in Phil. Mag. and Ann. for 1828), and making every re- 
quisite allowance we find as a general result, that from the Craven 
fault for a considerable breadth to the N. N. E., there is a steep northerly 
slope, combined with the general eastward declination ; this local slope 
being perhaps broken into two parts by a ridge on the north side of 
Wharfedale, and probably steepest near the Craven fault, and on the 
south side of Wensleydale. 
We may now inquire how far this continues to the north, by taking 
as a standard the elevations of main limestone on the south side of 
Wensleydale. At East Witton this is four hundred, in Pen hill twelve 
hundred, — in Addleburgh (calculated) eighteen hundred in Bear’s head 
nineteen hundred. From Bear’s head passing due north to Lovely Seat 
we find the surface of main limestone fall two hundred feet in three 
miles : to the north side of Lovely Seat, a fall of three hundred feet, 
in five and a half miles ; from this point to Keasdon mount, nearly 
level. In the north face of Water crag the limestone is four hundred 
feet lower, but this is less due to dip than to the effect of the east and 
west veins of Swaledale. 
Again, from Pen hill northwards to Bolton fells, the main limestone 
is nearly level or even rising north, and this character obtains as far as 
Fremington edge ; from Leyburn to Downholme also the limestone 
rises slightly ; from Cotter fell to Swaledale head the beds form a shallow 
trough. The proper conclusion from all this is that the declination 
