OF THE DISTRICT. 147 
The passes at Arkendale head and Cross of Greta are probably 1500 
feet high. 
Between Arkendale and Swaledale is a high digitated region with 
a great mass of millstone grit rocks over the main limestone. 
Water crag, 2186 feet according to the Ordnance Survey, 2191 feet 
according to Nixon, has the main limestone 1357 feet high on the east 
side, 1 273 feet on the south-west. Hall moor or Bogan’s seat, at least 
as high as Water crag, is composed of the same strata. Its height by 
Nixon is 2207 feet. South-east of these points the country declines 
to Moulds, and Healaugh crags, both capped by middle grit, and Calvey, 
a mass of main limestone raised to 1600 feet (N.) From the east side 
of Arkendale to the vale of the Tees is an undulated region of 1000, 
1200, and 1500 feet in Fremington edge, and Cross of Greet; to 
1000 feet in the hills about Marsk ; 850 feet in Richmond race ground ; 
Richmond castle 450 feet ; west of Water crag and Rogan’s Seat, the 
same strata appear in Nine Standards, 2136 Ordnance Survey, (2153, 
Nixon). Kearsden mount, a fine insulated mass of limestone capped 
on the north end by gritstone, is 1643 feet high (Nixon). 
Between Swaledale and Wensleydale, is a continuous range of high 
ground, terminating abruptly on the west in bold escarpments against 
Mallerstang, all about 2300 feet high — or 1000 to 1500 feet above that 
remarkable valley. The greatest masses of gritstone lie toward the 
extreme west, and toward the east — leaving in the middle part the main 
limestone at or near the summits. 
Fell end and Hugh seat 2330 feet (N.), Lady’s pillar 2261 (N.), ex- 
actly on the edge of this escarpment, have about 800 feet of grits, plates, 
and coal above the main limestone. Shunnor fell, more to the east, 
and of very similar composition, is 2329 feet (Ordnance Survey) (or 2351 
Nixon); still farther east is the conspicuous hill called Lovely seat 
2216 feet (Nixon), in which the main limestone is from 1554 to 1682 
feet high. Eastward from Lovely seat the hills continually grow much 
u 2 
