156 PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY 
valley of the Greta after its junction with that river. It is remark- 
able that after receiving the Gilling water the Swale turns and takes 
the south-east direction. 
Swaledale. — The head waters of Swaledale flow in various directions, 
but the main stream rising from several branches on the high margin 
of Mallerstang, amongst hills 2300 feet high, collects into an east 
and west valley coincident with the great dislocation which accompanies 
Fryerfold vein. From Stonesdale a double valley leads south to Muker ; 
the mountain called Kearsden rises in the midst of this valley, a huge 
insulated monument of earlier nature. Here the main river receives 
on its right bank a little stream running east from Shunnor fell ; and 
takes its direction. After a considerable course to the eastward it re- 
ceives on the left bank the water of Arkendale, flowing to the south- 
east. Soon after the valley makes a short turn to the north, again runs 
eastward, receives the Gilling stream, and takes its direction to the 
south-east. It does not appear that the east and west course of Swale- 
dale is the result of dislocations passing down that valley ; it is indeed 
parallel to the east and west lead veins of Auld Gang, Arkendale, and 
Hurst ; but the principal circumstance is the dip of the strata here 
generally east. Arkendale appears to be marked out by a dislocation 
parallel to the Teesdale fault, and in the same manner but in a less 
degree throwing down the strata to the north-east. The insulated 
mount of Kearsden, in the double valley above Muker, seems inex- 
plicable unless on the supposition of the passage of a great body of 
water. On the west of that mountain the strata appear to be 
thrown down by a fault passing north and south along the valley and 
continued in Stonesdale. Admitting the passage of such great currents 
down Arkendale we naturally look for a continuation of their effects 
further to the south-east. In this direction from Marrick to Leyburn 
is the lowest tract of country between Swaledale and Wensleydale ; and 
if we suppose the denudation of the limestone here to be the effect of 
the Arkendale current, we may see in the south-eastern bend of the 
Yore, at this point, an additional confirmation. 
