OF THE DISTRICT. 
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about 850 feet ; Gowden Pot hole 640 feet ; at Lofthouse bridge 
the coral bed of limestone 540 feet ; Pateley bridge 400 feet ; Ripley 
240 feet (estimated.) 
Wharfedale . — The head waters of Wharfedale are collected from 
springs issuing below the Cam limestone and from lower rocks of 
the Yoredale series. The northernmost branch or true Wharfe flows 
eastward to Deepdale, then turns E. S. E. to Buckden, S. S. E. to 
Kettlewell, south to near Skythorn, south-east to Appletreewick, where 
it leaves the limestone series and enters the millstone grit. In this 
series it makes large bends, averaging a S. S. E. course to Addingliam ; 
it then turns nearly E. S. E. to Otley, and thence runs due east to 
the magnesian limestone. In its long course the Wharfe receives 
only two considerable feeders, the water of Littondale below Kiln- 
sea and the river Washburn below Otley, both flowing south-east. 
The Wharfe is a uniformly rapid stream from its origin till it en- 
counters magnesian limestone. Wharfe head is stated by Mr. Nixon 
to be 1264 feet above the sea, hence it falls to Deepdale bridge 364 
feet, to Hubberholm bridge 133 feet, to Buckden bridge 35 feet, to 
Kettlewell bridge 63 feet, to Linton bridge 131 feet, to Bolton bridge 
about 180 feet, to Otley 130 feet, and to Harewood bridge 130 feet, 
being at this point 98 feet above the sea. 
The breadth of Wharfedale is in general small ; Langsterdale 
and Littondale are deep glens in limestone: below their junction 
Wharfedale widens and maintains a considerable expansion as far as 
Linton ; it is contracted to a narrow glen between the grit rocks 
of Barden, escapes into a broader space below Bolton abbey, and be- 
comes a wide vale as it proceeds eastward. 
Ribblesdale . — This valley originates in the wide hollow between 
Blea moor and Cam fell in the strata of the Yoredale series. From 
Ribble head, which is some distance from the source of the longest 
streams, Ribblesdale ranges S. S. E. to Stainforth, and with great bends 
holds the same general course to West Halton ; here it turns due 
