THE VEGETATION OF CAPE BLANCO 
87 
horizontally radiating tufts. Hordeum nodosum assumes the same 
form. Achillea millefolium, or one of its numerous forms, though 
erect, attains a height of but a few inches. Here and there may 
be seen a stout Thistle, of a species not determined, sprawling 
flat along the ground. A remarkable Helenium (Helenium bol- 
anderi) has its stem shortened to one-fourth the normal length. 
The Lupine previously mentioned, Lupinus columhianus, usually 
three or four feet tall, has prostrate stems only a foot or so in 
length. Castilleia miniata, Coneoselinum gemelini, Sanicula arcto- 
poides and many others assume no less remarkable forms. 
The extreme dwarfing of vegetative structures does not extend 
in the slightest degree to the inflorescence, so that in many cases 
the flowers and flower clusters appear disproportionately large. 
This is especially true of Iris douglasiana, Castilleia miniata, 
Helenium holanderi, and Lupinus columhianus. The last named 
species has its whole aspect so altered that the observer in the 
field could recognize its identity only by taking note of the series 
of intergrades that occur between this and the usual form as he 
passes into the more and more exposed areas. 
This level, wind-swept section presents a brilliant floral display. 
In addition to the species above mentioned, most of which occur 
in profusion, there is an abundance of Lupinus littoralis, a large- 
flowered form of Cerastium arvense, Beilis perennis, Brigeron 
glaucus, Baeria macrantha, and many others, each contributing to 
the varied color effect. 
As previously stated, the extreme point of the cape curves 
sharply to the northward. The Cape Blanco lighthouse is located 
a little way back from the western edge of the promontory just 
where the bend is made. The contour of the land is such that 
about the lighthouse and for some distance to the north of it, in 
fact, nearly to the extreme point, there is partial protection from 
the wind, permitting a grove of low Spruce trees to maintain a 
footing. In this small sheltered area the vegetation is strikingly 
different from that in the section just described. Many of the 
same species occur, but growing to normal size. In addition there 
is an abundance of Calamagrostis aleutica, Coelopleurum lucidum, 
Heracleum lanatum, Lathyrus sulphur eus, Vida gigantea, Medi- 
cago indica, Briophyllum staechadifolium (?), and others. In 
places there are dense thickets, made up mostly of Ruhus 
spectahilis, Gaultheria shallon, Vaccinium ovatum, and Myrica 
calif ornica. All this is very similar to the usual coast vegetation 
of Oregon. 
