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IOWA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE Vol. XXVII, 1920 
in number but the amount of coenenchyma is still small. From 
Vaughan (1918, Plate 34, Fig. 1). 
6. Small portion of a head of Orbicella annularis Dana, x 1. A good 
example of a compact massive colony with small, numerous cal- 
ices completely embedded in coenenchyma. Specimen from Florida 
reefs. 
7. Lophohelia prolifera E. & H., x A simple type of dendroid colony 
formed by unequal fission, with incomplete deposition of coenen- 
chyma. Specimen from Florida, 230 to 400 fathoms. 
8. Busmilia fascicutata (Pallas), x A cespitose colony formed by 
fission, without coenenchyma. Specimen from Barbados, about 
eight fathoms. 
PLATE V 
1. Heteropsammia multilobata Moseley, x 54. A primitive type of spread- 
ing colony arising by fission. The calices are few, relatively large, 
and exserted. From Moseley (1881, Plate XII). 
2. Dichocoenia, x-T 4. A massive colony arising by fission. The fission- 
groups- of calices are distinct but the spaces between them are 
completely filled with coenenchyma. Specimen taken from West 
.Indian reef. 
3. Mussa swuosa (Lam.), x 54. An advance toward the meandrine type. 
• The fission-groups are long and sinuous but the walls are distinct 
r, -and separated by unbridged spaces. From Vaughan (1918, Plate 
^'%49, Fig. 3). 
4. ^lall portion of colony of Diploria, x 5^. The typical meandrine 
type. The walls between the fission-rows are still distinct at the 
summits but filled in at the base with coenenchyma and connected 
b-y coste. Specimen from West Indian reefs. 
4a. A colony of Meandrina, x 54. A very high type of meandrine coral. 
The separation between fission-rows is reduced to a single narrow 
column wall, Specimen from West Indian reefs. 
5. Fungia danae' E. & W., x 54. A typical solitary fungid. Specimen 
from Pacific ocean. 
6. Cyathoseris suhregularis Reuss, x 54, from the Oligocenei of Italy, 
A primitive fungid colony formed by costal budding. From Zittel- 
Eastman’s Textbook of Palaeontolog}^, 1913, reproduced by permis- 
sion of the publishers, Macmillan & Company. 
7. Herpetolifha crassa Dana, x 54- A. comparatively low type of fungid 
colony. From Vaughan (1918, Plate 54, Fig. 1). 
8. Polyphyllia talpina (Lam.), x 54- 'The calices are crowded and less 
regularly arranged than in Herp\etolitha. From Vaughan (1918, 
Plate 54, Fig. 2). 
9. Pachyseris speciosa (Dana), x 54. A high type of agaricid colony, 
calices completely confluent in long parallel rows. From Vaughan 
(1918, Plate 54, Fig. 3), 
10. Pachyseris torresiana Vaughan, x 2, Showing the continuous rows of 
calices. From Vaughan (1918, Plate 55, Fig. la). 
