ARMY WORM AND CUTWORM OUTBREAKS 
351 
may be counted upon in most cases to get the matter well in hand 
and to prevent an outbreak the second year in a community. 
Where the crop will permit hogs will soon destroy immense num- 
bers of worms if given access to the fields. The use of drags and 
rollers to crush the worms is sometimes suggested but had only 
a low percentage of efficiency when tried during these Iowa out- 
breaks. 
While the Army worm is a notable traveller when in search 
Fig. 62. Map of Iowa showing distribution of Army worms and Cutworms. 
of food, his migrations are limited at the most to crossing a field 
or two. They never travel for miles or across counties. In our 
state it seems most likely that there are two broods per year. 
Whether they pass the| winter as partly grown larvae or in the 
pupa state or by both methods is not fully established. 
The accompanying map shows the counties known to have suf- 
fered loss from these pests. The photographs are originals. 
De:partme:nt of Biology, 
Iowa We:slkyan College. 
