BIRD RECORDS OF THE PAST TWO WINTERS, 1918- 
1920, IN THE UPPER MISSOURI VAELEY 
T. C STEPHENS 
The area here considered includes northeastern Nebraska, north- 
western Iowa, South Dakota, and southwestern Minnesota. From 
scattered points throughout this region specimens have been sent 
in to A. J. Anderson to be mounted, and it is through his courtesy 
that many of the records are here presented. Local records, in 
the vicinity of Sioux City, are made by the writer unless other- 
wise credited. 
The winter of 1918-1919 presented a minimum of ornitholog- 
ical interest, locally. The usual winter birds were here, but 
practically none of the less common smaller birds were noted. 
Among the larger birds a number of valuable records were ob- 
tained, both locally and from the surrounding area. Perhaps 
the most important for this season are those of the Duck Hawk, 
Snowy Owl, White-winged Scoter, etc. 
The winter of 1919-1920 was much richer in its yield of mater- 
ial. Attention might be especially called to the flight of Bohemian 
Waxwings, and the records of the Crossbills, the Magpies, the 
Kingfisher, and the Tufted Titmouse. Among the larger birds 
which are especially noteworthy are the Common Tern, the Laugh- 
ing Gull (though both of these are rather early to be considered 
as winter records), the Surf Scoter, the Red -breasted Merganser, 
and the hybrid duck. Concerning the latter specimen, the writer 
is very much indebted to Dr. C. W. Richmond for otherwise in- 
accessible information, and also for permission to present it in 
this paper. 
Many of the common birds which are found every winter are 
not mentioned in the following list. 
1. Pied -billed Grebe. Podilymbus podiceps. This species was 
seen at McCook Lake, South Dakota, as late as November' 2, 
1919, and November 10, 1918 (Allen). 
2. Loon. Gavia immer. The Loon is seen on the lakes in this 
locality only as a migrant, and is not at all common. On April 
19, 1919, Mr. Anderson mounted one which had been sent in 
from Le Mars, Iowa. And on November 15, 1919, another was 
