THE SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
:uid - .* jSj.'iiate of pota^^li aiaong its constituents. 
Tiu-.- ould bring u.s back again to the plaster of 
Pat .-, which is a sulphate of lime; but experi- 
euc. ■ .,s .suown, as you ju.stly say, that this doe.s 
iiot ..^ntribute mucb to tiie fonuation of seed, 
but ■'.wts more e.sp.ciaiiy on the .stalk and leaves. 
Lilli., iiowever, in other lorms, iiuth calcined 
ano. . . it exists in the hig'oly concentrated nia- 
nui. rhich is termed guano, has, i^ou think, i!ie 
desired ejfect on the seed. The experiment of 
J. L. i escheniacher, of Boston, is certainly ve- 
ry dj Ling; vnila yoiu' otvn experience of the 
inti Puce of calcareous applications in Mary- 
laii , otlier localities does certainly carry 
rvi; , I lem a force and -weight which it is dilh- 
cuit resi.st. Previous to the rccepuon of )'our 
letter, : had .seen it stated with great coniidence 
in ine Dollar Farmer of Kentucky, that ashes 
weic an inlallible protection against rust; ana I 
have instituted a set of .experiments upon wheat 
sown this fall to test it. f will now add some 
experiments with lime, and give you the results 
of botli next summer. 
Roanoke county is a limestone soil, the best 
portion of it, within memor}' of its oldest inha- 
bitant-, having been a prairie, which, according 
to h.[r. Rutfin’s theory, would show that our soil 
i.s strongly impregnated with lime, and which, 
withi'our theory added, .should exempt us from 
the rust. We hoAvever have it, though I think 
we are not peculiarly liable to it. Kentucky, 
however, vdiich is the pttrest calcareous soil I 
have ever .seen, does seem to be peculiarly sub- 
ject to this di.sea.se; so much so that her farmers 
iiave, to a very great extent, abandoned its culti- 
\'ation as a staple. 
I hope, sir, that you will continue to investi- 
gate this truly important question, Avith all the 
iiidu.hry andre.search ofAvhich 3 'ou are capable. 
Keep public attention alive to it until some use- 
tnl and satisfactory re.sult is reached, and you 
will have conferred a lasting benefit upon the 
communit]’, Avhieh v.dll entitle you to their 
Avaimest gratitude. 
Wm. M. Puyton, Roanoke. 
Recipe for making Good Bread. — James 
Roche, long celebrated in Baltimore, as a baker 
of excellent bread, having retired from business, 
has furnished the Baltimore American Avith the 
tbllowing recipe for making good bread, Avith a 
request that it should he published for the infor- 
mation of the public : 
‘■Take an earthen vessel, larger at the top 
than the bottom, and in it put one pint of milb- 
Avann Avater, one and a half pounds .of flour, and 
h.alf a pint of malt 3 'east; mix them Avel] togeth- 
er, and set it aAvay, (in Avinter it should be in a 
A', arm place,) until it ri.jes and falls again, AA^hich 
will be in from three to five hours, (it may be 
■■^et at ni^ht il wanted in the morning;) then put 
two large spoonfuls of salt into tAvo quarts of 
Avater, and mix it Aveil with the aboAm rising ; 
f [ten put in about nine pounds of flour, and Avork 
your dough Avell, and set it by until it Irecornes 
light ? Then make it out in loaves. Ncav flour 
requires one-fouith more salt than old and diy 
flour. The Avater also should be tempered ac- 
cording to the weather; in spring and fall it 
should only be milk- warm; in hot Aveather, cold; 
and in AAunter, Avarm.” 
Foot-Rot in Sheep. — Mr. R. North, Jr., in a 
note to the Editors of the Cultivator, sa 3 "s, after 
irying several recipes for the foot-rot in sheep, 
which he had seen recommended in their paper, 
to Amry little or no purpose, he discoA'ered by 
mere accident a cheap and sure cure, v/ithoul 
much trouble or inj ury to the sheep, viz : “Take 
a few bushels of lime, and put it near some 
place over Avhich the sheep hat'e to pass, say the 
bars; and as it is natural for sheep to jump, 
take notice AA'here they alight, and place the lime 
there, about three inches deep. This did efiec- 
tually cure my flock in about one week. The 
lime should be fresh and slacked, and not less 
than three inches deep ; if deeper, it might take 
hair off the leg above the hoof.” 
IMMENSE SUCCESSIA'E CROPS OF WHEAT- 
MODE OF MANURING, 
In our paper of the Ulst ult. A-, e gave an ex- 
tract from an essa 3 ' of E. H. Black, E.sq., in 
AA-iiicli he slated that Adam Wiiann, Esq., of 
Elitton, Mar 3 'land, had raised Acheat cat a ten 
acre lot for 11 ur sccces.si’. e 3 'ear.s; that the pro- 
duct had aA'craged 4'JO bu.sliels per 3 'ear, or 40 
bushels to the acre, and that the lot Avas then in 
vdteat, making the liflii con.secutive year. Ap- 
pended to that extract, aa'c made such comments 
as the extraordinaiy nattue of the case appeared 
to justify, and respectfully called upon the Amne- 
rable OAvner of the lot to favmr the public witli 
answers to certain queries which we took the li- 
beiw of submitting to him. To those queries 
Mr. Whann has made a prompt and satisfacto- 
ry response, as Aviil appear b 3 ' the annexed com- 
munication. 
There ai’e two features about Mr. Whami’s 
culture, that go to rmtound us. The first is, that 
such heaty crops should, without change, be 
groAvn for five successive years on the same land; 
and that such success should ha'v'e aflended liis 
AA'heat crop after being manured with stable ma- 
nure; for t/wi, with the exce]'.tion of the burning 
of the .stubble one year, Ava.s the onl 3 ^ manure 
Avliich his lot receiA^ed during the Avhole period it 
was in Avheat. ThegroAving of .successive crops 
of The same grain upon the same land, and the 
maniu’ing of Avheat Avith stable manure, are 
both opposed to the approved theoi^" of rotation 
of crops, and he wlio should undertake to do 
either, at this da 3 q Avould be considered a bold 
experimenter, if not a daring imiovator. In 
England, as Avell as in this ccuntr 3 ', it is consid- 
ered that the rust, in a majorit 3 '' of cases, will at- 
tack any' Avheat thus manured, and yet in tlie 
ca.se of Mr. Wharm, although, in some instan- 
ces, his neighbors’ Avheat Ava.s rusted, liis escaped 
unscached. It is not our intention to attempt to 
determine to AA’hat cause this immense product 
is to be ascribed, and for the ver 3 ' obt'ious rea- 
son that Ave feel unequal to such task; but it may 
be profitable to note the facts as presented, so as 
to elicit inqniiy b 3 ' experienced v'heat growers. 
And with that object aa'c will endeavor to pre- 
sent the results in such form as to be the most 
striking to the e 3 'e of the reader. 
In the fir.st place it may be Avell to remark, 
that the lot had been cleared for many 3 'ears, and 
had been a considerable time in clover and tirn- 
01 h 3 '. 
The following Avill shoAV the course of treat- 
ment and crops; 
First 3 'ear— Corn; ploughed and harroAA'ed; 
manured' Avith clover 103 '; product of the ten-acre 
lot,' 650 bu.shels; product per acre, S5 bushels. 
Second .year — Barley; ploughed and harroAved; 
without manure; product of the ten-acre lot, 350 
bushels; product per acre, 35 bushels. Third 
3 'ear — Wheat; ploughed and harrowed twice; 
manured trith stable manure; product of the ten- 
acre lot, 422 bushels; product per acre, 42 1-20 
bushels. Fourth 3 'ear — V/heat; ploughed and 
harrowed; manured with stable manure; product 
of the ten-acre lot, 400 bushels; product per acre, 
40 bush. Fifth year — Wheat; ploughed andhar- 
roAved; manured with stable manure and burned 
stubble; product of the ten-acre lot, 350 bushels; 
product per acre, 35 bushels. Sixth 3 ‘ear — 
Wheat; ploughed and harrowed; manured Avith 
stable manure; product of the ten-acre lot, 400 
bushels; product per acre, 40. Seventh year. — 
Wheat; ploughed and harrowed; manured light- 
13 ' Avith stable manure; product of the ten-acre 
lot, 300 bushels; product per acre, 30 bushels. 
B 3 ' examining the above, Ave find that this lot, 
out of a course of culture of scA'en years, was 
five years in wheat- that during each of those 
latter 3 'ears, the ground was enriched with stable 
manure, and that, notwithstanding the applica- 
tion of this heating sub.stance, it continued to 
yield immense crops, making an average acrea- 
ble product of more than 37 bushels of merchan- 
table AA'heat; that the falling off in the last of the 
five 3 'ears, is accountedifor by Mr. Whann, who 
ascribes it to his soAving white wheat instead of 
red, on one half of it. The half in Avhite only 
3 'ielding 100 birshels, Avhile that in red produced 
2 OO, being equal to an 3 - of the preceding years 
but the first, so that in fact there coulanot Ic said 
to i..avebeen any falling ofl’ in product, that Acas 
not produced b 3 ''an error in substituting one kirid 
of Arlieat for another. Let ns point out the sys- 
tem pursued by ITr. Whann: 
He ploughed once and hairoAted twice. 
He soAved early, viz: cu il_e 15.h of Septem- 
ber in each 3 'ear. 
He soAvecl tAA O bushels to the acre, 
tie changed his seed each year. 
He manured Avith .stable manuie and lunc — 
and 
The kind of Avheat Avhich he found best was 
the red chaff. 
tVe think it was b 3 ' hi.s ear] 3 ' .sowing, that he 
Avas enabled to escape the nist. and ma 3 ' it not 
have been the vigorous groAvih of the Avheat 
plant.s, .superinduced by the stable manure, that 
induced them to le.sist the fly. We merely sug- 
gest this opinion, and AV'ill mention that Earl 
Stimson, of Saratoga conny, Ncav York, al- 
Avays makes his AA'heat crop the first in rotation, 
and manures it both Avith bain- 3 'ard mcnitre and 
leached aslies, in the propoiiion of Aa'c loads of 
the former to three of the latter. His ciops of 
Avlieat aA'erage from SO to 40 bu.shels to tlie acre, 
in fields of 50 and CO acres. Vv'e allude to this 
latter fact Avilh the vicAv of letting our readers 
see that Mr. Whann’s case is not an isolated 
one, and that he does not stand solitaiy and 
alone in the successful application of animal 
manure to AA'heat. 
YJith these remarks Ave Avill call attention to 
the .subjoined letter from our A'enerahle and re- 
spected conesjTondent; 
Elkton, Januar 3 ' 6 , 1843. 
DfhvR Sir — I obseiwe in 3 'our paper of the 21st 
ult., a request that I should git'e vou some infor- 
mation respecting five successiA'e crops of Avheat 
groAvn on a ten-acre lot which formerly belong- 
ed to me at this place. The lot Avas clear of 
tijuber .as long as I had aiy knoAvlcclge, except 
tAA'o or three black walnut trees. The soil is a 
light sand}' loam mould; it had been in cloA'er 
and timothy for some 3 'ears, then pmt it in corn, 
and it produced 850 bushels of good sound com, 
then ploughed the next spring, and 20 bushels of 
barley sowed, produced 350 bu.shels. That fall 
manured over with stable manure, ploughed 
once, and 20 bushels of good red chaff Avheat 
soAved and harroAved each AV'a}'. The produce 
Avas 422 busliels Avheat, AV'eigiiing 61 lbs. to the 
bushel; the second 3 'ear manured oA'er with sta- 
ble manure and ploughed once as before, limed 
and harroAA'ed in, produce 400 bushels. Third 
year being a A'ery dr}' season, ploughed a ferv 
furrows round the lot and set fire to tlie stubble 
and turned it into the earth; then gat'e it a light 
coat of stable manure ploughed once, limed and 
harroAA'ed as before; produce 350 bushels. — 
.Fourth 3 'ear cov'ered OA'er Avith stable manure, 
ploughed once and harroAA'ed as before, produce 
400 bushels. Filth 3 'ear coA'ered over lightl}' 
with stable manure, ploughed once, limed and 
harroAved in as before, produce 300 bushels, I 
soAA'ed m 3 ' AA'heat about the 15th September, ne- 
A'er ploughed but once a 3 'ear, and harroAA-ed in 
both AA'a 3 's, changing my seed et'er}' 3 'ear. It 
was not disturbed b}' any insect during that time. 
Some of my neighbors complained of the fl}' and 
rust affecting their crops, but mine was not af- 
fected with either. I attribute the small crop of 
the fifth 3 'ear to m 3 ' haA'ing seeded one-half the 
lot Avith Avhite AA'heat— the produce of that half 
AA'as only 100 bushels. 
Respectfully A'our friend, 
Adam Wiiann, 
Coffee, from sAA'eet potatoes, is AA'arml}' re- 
commended. The potatoes are pared, sliced, 
roasted, ground and steeped, like the coffee ber- 
ry. It is said to be A'ery palatable, has the flavor 
of cocoa, and requires little sugar. — F7.r. paper. 
What an age and a country tliis, Avhen and 
where people ma}' “luxuriate” on sw'eet potato 
coffee and cornstalk sugar — Boston Cultivator. 
