uwwvni 
110 
Till: S()UriIi:UN CULTIVA'JOU. 
When will Ihe unsuspecting planters of (Geor- 
gia arouse I'rorn their sliiujLeis, so ojjjioscd to 
the interests of us all? 
I have no doubt that if vve had the genwine 
breeds, wc could raise iiogs, sheep, cattle and 
horses in Georgia to as great peri'ection, as in 
any part of the world, and it will eerfaiuly not 
be contended by any, that it is not to our ad- 
vantage lo do so, at least Ibr our own sujjply. — 
From some little experience x am confident we 
can raise double the (pjanlity oi pork with the 
same amount of grain, from the genuine breed, 
than we can with our (jld common stock. With 
good common crab grass pastures, (which every 
planter in Georgia can have,) it is surprising to 
see how little graiti will make the hogs grow 
and thrive. 'I’liis remark is not intended to be 
ai)i)lied to the s])urious breed. 
( ioorgia is one among the frnest countries on 
the globe, the .soil is naturally rich in most 
parts, and in ordcu' to .see her favorable [losition 
relative to etimale, all that is najuired is to east 
the eye on one ol' her maps. Her mountains 
almost grcjan with the weight of the precious 
iiu;tals contained in their bowels. The gold 
richer than the “gold of ()|)har” is here, and 
here we can have “cattle urion a thousand hills.” 
A fiOVEii on Good Ham. 
Athens, July 11, JH4!}. 
Dear Jones — Otrr fairners have generally 
made wheat of belter (juality this year, than 
they have done IvJi several years pa.st. The 
fact which I wish made known is, that the crops 
produced from .seed which had been soaked in 
a solution ol blue sbjne, or in a strong brine, 
and rolled in lime, had we smut, whilst .some 
croj)S, from seed with which no such precaution 
li;ul been used, were rendered worltile.ss by .smut. 
1 raised in my garden last year, about half a 
peck, of a very fine white. Hint wheat. This 1 
put into a saturated solution of salt in water, the 
night bei'ore sowing, d’he next morning, in my 
ab.sence from home, my old man began to sow 
it (in drills) — on my return I immediatelv arre.s- 
ted him, and made him roll the reniainder in 
dry, air-slacked lime. Ol that from seed vei/A- 
out the lime nearly a fourth of the heads were 
inmd, of the remainder, md a head. 1 sowed it 
on rather thin soil, in drills about 20 or 24 inch- 
es apart, made with the point of a garden hoc, 
covered it lightly, and spread on the surface a 
very little fresh stable manure, and covered the 
manure with jxxwdered charcoal. The exceed- 
ing cold weather of the winter did not seem to 
affect it at all. It came in a lortnight earlier 
than the red. May, (the common crop of the 
country,) and yielded me, notwithstanding the 
loss of the .smutted heads, nearly five bu.shels. — 
'I’lie ground less than one quarter of an acre. 
Whilst making you a communication, it mtay 
not be amiss to say, that I procured Bommer’s 
method of making vegetable manure, and made 
an experiment on tan bark, before I saw, in the 
Albany Cultivator, Mr. B.’s opinion of the pro- 
ject. I have not yet tested the fertilizing pro- 
perties ol the compost, but from the trial ol the 
metkod I have made, I entei tain no doubt of its 
entire success in converting straw, cornstalks, 
shucks, &c. into perfect compost, and in the 
time pre.seribed. Jiutone fact the larrnershould 
krujw, arifl that is, that it can only be made at a 
branch, or erneh. And before the method is 
bought, the farmer must consider whether his 
farm or held is so siiuateil with re.spcct to a 
stream (A w'ater, that he can 'profUabLij trtins- 
fiort his stalks, straw', Ac. to the stream, and 
afterw'ard convey the manure to his held, in all 
which distance and the declination ol the hill 
are important matters. 
In an extract in your last paper on this sub- 
ject, is the remark, that this vegetable manure 
“may be tnade any 'where." 'I’his may be liie- 
ra.Uy true, but the trouble of hautmi' the water 
to the heap, is lenl'old the labor of hauling the 
material to the water; for it requires .something 
like l.'xUOoriyOU gallons ol water to apply lo 
1000 lbs. of straw. H. 
My lierl'shire sow nocs not breed — what is to 
be done in such a case? She is in pos.se.ssion 
of all the ap[)etenecs and advantages in such 
cases made and [uovided. 
COTTON I5ACH. 
Georgia Cottons, although desirable in for- 
eign nmrkets fur (juiility, are derided for the 
bungling and awkward manner in whieh they 
ai(; [laeked u[). 'I'he round b.iles of Georgiti 
are scouted at by buyers, whenever cotton of 
e(jual (pxality can be got in square bales. The 
pi., liters of Geoigia are f.ir, very far behind 
their neighbors, if not in Ihe culture of our sta- 
[ile, at least in their rnatmi'r of jirejiaiing it lor 
market. 'I'here is no exeu.se lor them in per- 
sisting in this barbaious mode of jiticking col- 
ton, and making themselves not only subject to 
reproach and ridicule, but very materially ef- 
lecling their pecuniary intere.st. in .seaports, 
whether at home or abroad, a Georgia planter 
is considcied as a slovenly larmer, one who is 
behind the age, and wdio etin neither jirolit from 
experience or (jbservation ; and Ibr no other 
reason, but because his cotton, w'hich isexjually 
clean and as well ginned as the cotton from 
other States, comes to market— in the uncouth, 
cumbersome and urduindy form ol rownd bales. 
We have taken some pains to collate a few 
lads, which we trust will not be wa.sted on our 
country friends. 
The receipts oi cotton the past .sea.son in Ma- 
con, will be from ninety-three to ninety-live 
thousand bales, of whieh quantity fully 75 per 
cent are packed in round bales. 'J'he diflerence 
in freight between round and .square bales from 
Macon to Savannah by the rail road is in favor 
of .square bales 25 cents. From Savannah to 
any jiort in Furojie Jd per lb. — And a pre- 
ference is always given by purcha.sers to square 
bales of at least j cent per lb. fur the reason 
thatcoltons thus jiacked always go lo market in 
better order. The Georgia [ilanler is a suflerer 
in another way, in consequence of the bulk of 
cotton coming from the up country into Savan- 
nah in round packages. There is le.ss comiie- 
lilion in that than other Southern markets, for 
the reason that round bales do not suit the con- 
tinental markets in Europe, con.sequently the 
many ships whieh are loaded for the continent, 
go to Charleston, Mobile and New Orleans for 
their cargoes, that would come lo Savannah, if 
Ihe crops were packed in .square bales. At pre- 
.sent there are but two markets for Georgia cot- 
ton — our domestic rnanulactor and Liverpool — 
the former being so small a competition, we are 
left almost entirely to the mercy of the Liver- 
pool merchant. 
We hope lo sec this evil, if not removed, at 
Ica.st very materially corrected the ensuing .sea- 
son. It. strikes us that the Savannah merchant 
can apply a more effectual remedy to this mis- 
chief. Let him make the difference in prices 
lor cotton packed in square and round bale.s, 
greater than it even now is, and the stubborn- 
ness and prejudices ol our jilanlers lor antiqua- 
ted and old lashioned ruxtions, will have to yield 
lo considerations of interest. — Macon Mess. 
M IJ I. L H . 
The following, cut liom a Prince George's 
pajier, on the comparative value and economy 
of the horse and the mule, has been kindly foi- 
warded lo u.s, for the Cabinet, by the wiiter, J. 
S. Skinner; 
lirvieioof the premiums offered by the Au,i"icuU%- 
'lai Society of PrinfM (jlcor;'e's County, Md . — 
J<'(/r Ike best JarJe %'y; for the best Jenny ^'.5; for 
the best pair of Mules tjlib. 
'I’he prejudice again.sl the mule seems to be 
as inveterate as that which impels the heel of 
every son of Adam to “bruise the serpent’s 
head,” whether it be the head of the innocent 
water or the harmless black snake, or the viper 
or copper head, bloated with poi.-on. 
In.stead of this invidious distinction by the 
committee in favor ol the horse, cllered the high- 
est nrerniums for that very expensive animal, in 
all liis ages, firnns and .sex^•s, young and old, 
quick arnl shrw, male and letnale, it were belter, 
we should think, to have held up the highest 
premium lo him who.se mule 'poicer >iho\y\A bear 
the greatest, and horse power the lea.st, propor- 
tion, the one lo the other, in use on his planta- 
tion! As lor rewarding the mere exhibition of 
the “best pair of mules,” what length of merit 
can be discerned in that, unle.ss it be that it im- 
plies length of pur.se to give the highe.st price? 
11 driven to the ground in the owner’s own car- 
riage, in lieu of a pair ol $500 Vermont hor.ses, 
that would be quite a dilieient matter. The 
riKxle of taking ihe last census was very defec- 
live in many respecis. For example, it only 
gives us the number ol horses and mules in the 
aggregate; w'hile here, at once, is an agricultu- 
ral problem, w hich requires loi its in ve.sliga lion 
lhat we should have accurately and separately' 
stated the number of each. 
Twenty years ago it was e.stimated that the 
horses in England consumed the product ol 
tw'cnty millions of highly cultivated acres; and 
Sir John Sinclair calculated the keep of' one 
horse to be equal to the product of five acres. 
Let us suppo.se con.stant work to be jirovided, as 
it should be, for every horse that is kept on a 
plantation; does not true economy', as well as 
liumaniiy and ju.sliee, demand lhat each horse 
so w'orked should be well led? And if .so, may 
nut each horse be estimated to consume, at two 
and a half gallons a day, $.50 of corn. Add to 
this tiiild lor other provender, and shoeing, and 
physicking, and yon have an outlay of not le.ss 
than a year for eveiy work horse, to say 
nothing of iule brood mare.s, colt.s, carriage hor- 
ses, and other non-producers; :i sum for each 
horse equal to the purcha.se ol' a first-rate mule, 
while the average life of the former will not 
more than half equal that of the latter. 
Among planters in the South, who.se position 
and circumstances are so identical with those of 
Maryland, the economy and advai tage of the 
mule over the horse are universally admitted. 
The report ol an Agricultural Society of South 
Carolina, in relation to this subject, may here 
be quoted w'here it a.sserts: “The mule is more 
easily rai.'-ed than the horse, more able to bear 
heavy burdens, equally strong for the draught, 
more patient, equally docile, will live twice or 
till ice as long, cajiable of enduring much more 
labor, will do as much work in the .same time, 
and will not be more than one-half the expense, 
as they will not eat more than one-half the 
grain, will make use of long forage, which the 
delicacy of the horse will reject, and will bear 
the heat full as well, perhaps belter.” 
Should not the.se considerations induce plant- 
ers to ponder and reflect how' far it is expedient 
lo aggravate, by their highe.st honors and re- 
ward.s, that natural and co.stly predilection of 
our countrymen for horses, which may be said 
already to amount to a passion — one which had 
its origin in deeds and days long past of 
