152 
THE SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
out gradually to the growing plants, and of pr ? 
venting to a certain extent, the rust. 
Sowing of Grass Sserfs.— All meadows intend- 
ed to be set in grass seed, should be prepared 
and sown as soon in this month as possible. 
The soil should be made fine and plenty of seed 
be sown. The following proportions will an- 
wer : 
If Timothy alone, from 1 to IJ peck per acre, 
the latter quantity the most eligible one. 
If Orchard grass alone, 2 bushels per acre. 
If iled Top alone, 1 bushel per acre. 
If a mixture of any two of these be desirable, 
one hall the quantity of each should be sown. 
The following mixture would make a good 
one : 1 bushel of Rye grass and one of Orcnard 
grass, to be sown early in this month, and to 
have 12 lbs. of clover seed per acre sown there- 
on next spring as soon as the seed can be lightly 
harrowed in and rolled without injury to the 
ground. 
Recollect that a light harrow is better than a 
bush harrow, as the latter always drags the seed 
into irregular masses. 
Draining and Ditching . — -This month is ad- 
vantageously suited to such work, and if you 
have any arable ground that is loet, be sure to 
have it drained, as no plants can thrive as they 
ought to da in a wet bed. 
Weeds, Leaves and Mould . — Can we prevail 
upon you to go to work with one of your teams 
and a hand or two, and collect some hundreds 
of loads of these substances and cover over the 
yard in which you intend to keep your stock. 
By doing so now, they will become consolidat- 
ed by the time you yard your cattle ; and rely 
upon it, that they will make every pound of it 
good manure by next spring; but if you desire 
that there shall be no loss from evaporation of 
the gem-like liquid, spread a bushel of plaster or 
charcoal over the mass, once in two weeks, 
from the time you yard your stock until you 
cart out your manure in the spring. Be sure, 
too, in forming your yard, to make it in the 
shape of a basin, so that none of the rich ferti- 
lizing juices may be washed away. 
Hogs and Hog Pens.—\i you have the means 
of pen-feeding, pen some of your hogs, and pro- 
vide them with materials to convert into manure 
for you. 
Salting Stock . — Take equal parts of salt and 
lime, mix them together, and give to every ani- 
mal on your place, twice a week, one gill of the 
mixture . — American Parmer. 
MIXTURE OF SOILS— SAVING OF URINE. 
The improvement of our lands, by the mix- 
ture of soils, is a means almost entirely neglect- 
ed in our country. There have been, to be sure, 
a few honorable and striking exceptions; but 
these are so few as to be scarcely worthy of no- 
tice ; for their example appears to have been 
unproductive of a tithe of the influence to which 
they were intrinsically entitled. In England, 
however, instances are as numerous as they 
have proved beneficial, where the most striking 
and lasting improvements have been brought 
about by simply mixing clay with sand, and 
sand with clay. By this process, not only the 
textures of the soils of extensive landed estates 
have been changed, but a capacity for retaining 
the benefits of manure imparted to loose sands, 
on the one hand, while on the other, stifl' un- 
wieldy clays have been so broken down in their 
adhesiveness, as to be rendered friable. Nor is 
this mechanical change, so beneficial to either 
grade of soils, the only resulting good. As in 
all virgin clays there are a greater or less pro- 
portion of potash, and more or less portions of 
lime and the other mineral salts ; so that by ad- 
ding and mingling such clays with loose sands, 
we not only convert them into moulds, but sup- 
ply also, many of those salts which are abso- 
lutely es.sential to healthy and productive vege- 
tation. 
The above reflections, as to the advantage of 
using clay as an auxiliary manure for light 
sandy land bring us to the consideration of the 
question, as to the best and cheapest method of 
applying them. In a country like ours, where 
labor is dear, and time may very properly be 
said to be money, there are but few of us who 
could probably underfa ce to give at one dress- 
ing the requisite quantity of clay, to convert, by 
admixture, the sandy into a loamy soil ; but the 
end can be attained in a way so that neither the 
labor nor the expense will be materially lelt as 
a fax. Let a hundred or two loads of clay be, 
at the beginning of every autumn, spread over 
the barn or cow yard, and thereon be placed a 
covering of leaves and mould from the woods. 
Such a body of materials would comprise an 
admirable bed for the cattle to winter upon — 
would form an absorbing substance to drink up 
and retain the liquid voidings of the cattle thro’ 
the fall, winter and early spring, which when 
mixed, at the time of carrying out the manure, 
with the litter and solid excrements which had 
in the the interval accumulated thereon, would 
prove a body of manure rich in all the elements 
of fertilization, as well as form a basis for 
amending the soil of singular value. By re- 
peating this course of applying the clay, a vast 
amount of liquid manure would be saved that 
is now lost, and the texture oi the soil would 
be changed in a lew years, without the time or 
expense being seriously felt. But to render the 
value of the liquid manure the more availablp, 
or in other words, to prevent the loss ol its more 
valuable and volatile parts, it would be well to 
spread a few bushels of plaster and or charcoal 
over the clay, say 1 bushel to every 20 loads, so 
proportioning its distribution, as to have about 
one fifth part spread every three or four weeks. 
By this means there would always be a fresh 
body of plas er or charcoal present, to assimi- 
late with and prevent the escape of the ammonia 
of the urine of the cattle, and thus preserve it 
for the purposes of fertilization. 
Without entering into any minute calcula- 
tions upon the subject, it may be assumed as 
the result of chemical analyses and experiments, 
that every animal of the cow kind kept in a 
barn yard, when well fed voids urine enough 
each day, if the escape of the ammonia were 
prevented, to manure ground enough to produce 
from two and a half to three pounds of wheat — 
this is less than che quantity claimed — and that 
three-fourths of that gas can be saved by the 
judicious use of plaster or charcoal, in the pro- 
cess we recommend, we do not hesitate to state 
as our honest belief. If such be the slate of the 
facts in the case, every farmer can make his 
calculations as to the loss he annually sustains, 
by letting the urine of his cattle go to waste, 
and if he be prudent, he will not hesitate as to 
what is the proper policy for him to pursue. 
We have referred to this subject at this par- 
ticular time in order that farmers may be re- 
minded of it in time to make the necessary ar- 
rangements against fall, to avail themselves of 
the advantages to result from such a husbanding 
of one of the very best manures that they can 
use. In speakii g of the several substances, we 
have endeavored to be plain, in order that, in 
striving to be useful, we might not run the risk 
ol bewildering . — American Farmer. 
Industry and frugality, is the surest road to 
independence. 
CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER. 
PAGE. 
The Preparation and Use of Manure 145 
Save your Soap Suds; Crushing Corn; Use 
of Salt; Clover; Milking; Flax Seed Oil; 
Maxims : 
The Management of Fruit Trees ; Tomato 
Sauce* 
Manunng Cotton Land; The Improvement 
of the Soil, &c. ; Tomato Ketchup ; To- ^ 149 
mato Pickles * ) 
Seed ; Culture of Cotton ; Blackberry Sy- ) - 
rup • • • ^ 
The Crops ; Wilkes County Agricultural I 
Society; Gapes in Chickens; Neatness; > 151 
Work for September ) 
Mixture of Soils — Saving of Urine; Adver- 5 1^2 
tisements. ) 
^147 
I 148 
GARDEN AND FIELD SEED. 
A GENERAL assortment of fresh 
and genuine G A R D EN and FIELD 
SEED, among which are the following: 
Red and White Clover, 
Blue and Green Grass, 
Rye and Orchard do., 
Timothy and Herds do.. 
Millet and Lucerne do.. 
Seed Corn of every valuable variety, 
Seed Wheat, 
Buckwheat and Potato Oats, 
Kept constantly on hand by the subscriber, all of 
which are offered for sale at very moderate prices. 
All orders, by mail or otherwise, executed with 
neatness and despatch. 
WM. HAINES, Jh., 
No. 232 Broad street, Augusta, Ga. 
August 30. 18-tf 
TURNEP SEED. 
A SUPPLY of the followingf varie- 
ties of fresh TURNEP SEED just receiv- 
ed, viz: 
Yellow Sweedish or Ruta Baga, very fine for 
stock. 
Large Globe Turnep, j Fine 
“ W hite Flat do. I for 
“ Hanoveror White Ruta Baga do f table 
“ Norfolk do. J use. 
For sale in quantities to suit purchasers, by 
Aug. 30 13-tf WM. HAINES, Jb. 
BOMMER’S PATENT MANURE. 
^T^HE undersigned is the Agent of 
JL Messrs. Abbett & Co., for vending rights to 
individuals for making and using the ab > ve named 
Manure. By reference to the following advertise- 
ment of Messrs. Abbett & Co., the prices may 
be ascertained. All orders addressed to me, ■post 
paid, at Sparta, Ga., will receive prompt attention. 
Aug. 30. 18-tf R. S. HARDWICK. 
THE BOMMER MANURE METHOD, 
W HICH teaches how to make ve- 
getable manure without the aid of live 
stock, in from 15 to 30 d lys, by a course of hu- 
mid fermentation set into action at a cost of from 
50 cts to $4. 
And also to make Compost in a few days. And 
how to make a rich fertilizing liquid called “pu- 
rin,” having all the strength without the acrid 
qualities of urine. 
With the view of graduating the cost to the 
quantity of land upon which it may be desired to 
use the method, the following scale of prices has 
been adopted, viz; 
For Gardens of any extent $6 
Farms up to 100 acres* 10 
“ from 100 to 200 acres 15 
“ “ 200 to 300 “ 18 
» “ 300. to 400 “ 20 
“ over 400 acres in any one farm- * * - 25 
By the remittance of the sum here specified, a 
copy * f the method will be sent by mail or in any 
other mode proposed by the purchaser. 
All letters of inquiry must be post paid. 
ABBETT & CO., Baltimore, 
Proprietors of the patent right for the Southern 
and Western States. aug 16 
THE SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR 
is PUBLISHED BT 
J. W. & W. S. JONES, 
And will be issued every other Wednesday, at 
ONE DOLLAR a year, invabiably in advancn. 
The CASH SYSTEM will be rigidly adhered to, 
and in no case will the paper be sent unless the 
money accompanies the order. 
Advertisements pertaining to agriculture will 
be inserted for one dollab for every square of 
TWELVE lines, or less, for the first insertion, and 
seventy-five cents per square for each continu 
ance. 
II^PosT Masters are authorized to receive and 
forward money free of postage. 
All communications must be post p.*.i« 
