32 
THE SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
QUANTITY OF LIME PEE ACRU. 
Y\ e nave repeatedly taken occasion to ad- 
vance i!ie opinion, that a much less quantity 
than lUU bushels of lime, per acre, would an- 
swei mr all present purposes — and we have as 
often .-stated that an application ol 25 bushels, if 
repeated at the expiration of each rotation of 
four years, until one hundred bushels had been 
applied per acre, woukl be better than applying 
that quantity at a single spreading; first, be- 
cause the lesser quantity would be more than 
sufficient to meet all the demands of the crops 
for a period ol years ; and secondhq because, as 
the uiidla// would be diminished three hundred 
per cent, a much larger quantity ol land could 
be diessed with it, and the larm, therefore, at an 
earlier period, and at much less expense, be 
brough into a state of profitable fertility. And 
as ttie Heaviness of the cost lorms a very serious 
objection to many persons undertaking the lim- 
ing of tneir lands, we shall state a few of the 
many reasons which induce us to adopt the 
views of the subject we have heretofore felt it to 
be our duty to advance. 
From the tests of analysis, it has been very 
clearly ascertained, that the crops, in a lour 
years rotation, extract from the soil, on an aver- 
age, about 242 lbs. of lime, which isGOj lbs. per 
year. Some crops, we are aware, require more 
thaa others, but the average is set down as we 
have before stated. If, then, it requires but GOJ 
lbs., which is less than a bushel, to supply the 
plants grown on an acre, in a year, with the pro- 
per quantity of this particular kind of food, the 
inference is a fair one, that unless a mechanical 
avienavient of the texture of the soil be an impor- 
tant object with the improver, there can be no 
positive necessity for the use, at any one time, 
of 100 bushels of lime upon a single acre, and 
the deduction is equally^r^A, that, as less than a 
bushel is given out in food to the plants in any 
one year, it would be preferable to use the hun- 
dred Dushels on four acres, instead ol one. By 
this division of he largest quantity named, the 
impr.wer would be enabled by the increased 
products, to carry on his liming, and thus re- 
lieve himself from much of the onerousness of 
outlay, where heavy dressings are at first 
given. 
Practical observers, as well as scientific men, 
have affirmed, that visible good effects of time 
have been witnessed thirty years after its appli- 
cation ; and we have no doubt of the fact. For, 
although much is lost to cultivation by the ten- 
dency ol the mineral to sink beyond the reach of 
the roots ol most growing crops, yet it must be 
obvious that, if less than a bushel is annually 
taken up by the plants, an application ol one 
hundred bushels to an acre would last for a pe- 
riod greatly beyond thirty year.?. The question 
then resolves itself into this : If 25 bushels will 
answer for a series of years, equally as well as 
an hundred, why should the heavy expense of 
the latter be incurred. We make this sugges- 
tion purely as a matter of economy ; and not be- 
cause of any fears we entertain that a hundred 
bushels per acre, could, under any circumstanc- 
es, operate disadvantageotisly to the soil, provi- 
ded there were sufficient organic remains in it 
for the lime to act upon, or that animal and veg- 
etable manure were applied, or green crops 
ploughed in. Lime, as a means of restoring 
fertility to an exhausted soil, is among the most 
efficient agents which can be used; and we 
hold, that without it, no permanent meliora- 
tion can be effected, and for these simple and ob- 
vious reasons — all analysis prove that lime is 
to be found in the ashes of most of the vegetable 
productions, and therefore forming, as it does, a 
part of their food, it is essential that it should 
be in the soil, in order to secure a healthful 
growth of the plants raised thereon. 
American Farmer. 
Always have some worthy end in view, in 
w'hatever you undertake ; remembering that to 
fail with good intentions, is more honorable 
than success in an evil cause. 
Cultivator. 
CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER. 
PAGE. 
Address of Hon. Charles Dayan, 2G 
Artichokes, Jerusalem 28 
Bees, 30 
Colton Growing 30 
Farmer’s Life 31 
Gardening, 27 
Hogs, to ascertain the weight of 31 
Indian Corn, sowing broadcast 29 
Lime,, 30 
Lime, quantity per acre, 32 
Lime, use of. 29 
Manures, new mothod of making 30 
Old Fields, improvement of 29 
Piggery 31 
Speech of Col. Leitner, 25 
Terras, explanation of -27 
Turnep Fly, 29 
Vegetables, use and preparation of food ol . . .26 
AUGUSTA MARKET. 
Tuesday p. m., February 20. 
Cotton. — Our market, for the last few days, has 
been in such an unsettled state, as regards the 
views of buyers and sellers, that very little has 
been done — and that little at rates so irregular, 
that we omit our usual quotations. Both parties 
seem in a state of suspense, and have generally 
determined to await the arrival of the Steamer of 
the 4th instant, from Liverpool; the news by 
which we expect the latter part of the week. If 
this news is favorable, it will give stability to our 
market, otherwise it will be greatly depressed. 
Exchange. — Bills on New York, Charleston 
and Savannah, are abundant at par. Central 
money continues steady at 3 to 4 per cent, dis- 
count. We hear of no transactions in State 6 per 
cent, bonds, which seem to drag rather heavily 
ppon the market. 
TO IICG RAI3EKS. 
T he subscriber effus for sale tire 
JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE, which, by 
early application, can be obtained at his Store in 
Monroe, Walton county. The value of this arti- 
cle as food for Hogs, is no longer a matter of ex- 
periment or doubt. It has been fairly tested in 
Kentucky and Tennessee, and the Northwestern 
part of Georgia. They are required to bo planted 
in the spring, and will be fit to feed in the ensu- 
ing fall and winter. I hazard nothing when I say 
not one-tenth of the corn now fed to hogs, is at all 
necessary ; and, by the use of the artichoke, the 
use of corn, for hogs, may bo entirely dispensed 
with through the whole winter. The first year, 
they are no more trouble than sweet potatoes : 
after that, they require no cultivalion. 
J. A. CLARK. 
Monroe, Wallon Co., Ga., Feb. 21. 2t 
GARDEN AND FIELD SEED. 
A GENERAL assortment of fresh 
and genuine G A R D E N and FIELD 
SEED, among which are the following: 
Red and White Clover, 
Blue and Green Grass, 
Rye and Orchard do., 
Timothy and Herds do., 
Millet and Lucerne do.. 
Seed Corn of every valuable variety. 
Seed Wheat, 
Buckwheat and Potato Oats, 
Kept constantly on hand.by the subscriber, all of 
which are offered for sale at very moderate prices. 
All orders, by mail or otherwise, executed with 
neatness and despatch. 
WM. HAINES, Jh., 
No. 232 Broad street, Augusta, Ga. 
August 30. 18-tf 
C HEAP AND FRESH GARDEN 
SEED. — A large and select assortment 
of fresh Garden Seed, of this year’s growth, 
(1843,) put up expressly for this market, and war- 
ranted genuine. Just received and for sale cheap 
by j9 tf WM. HAINES, Jr. 
AUGUSTA PRICES CURRENT. 
Bagging, Hemp 
..yd. 
16 
20 
Tow 
a 
15 
m 
18 
Gunny 
18J 
(8) 
20 
Bale Rope 
...lb. 
9 
(8 
10 
Bacon, Hog Round 
G 
G 
(8 
7 
Hams 
U 
7 
(8 
10 
Shoulders 
G 
4 
(8 
7 ■ 
Sides 
(( 
6 
(8 
8 
Coffee, Green prime Cuba,. “ 
9 
(8 
10 
Ordinary to Good... “ 
7 
(8 
9 
St. Domingo. . . . 
(( 
7 
(8 
9 
Rio 
(( 
9 
(8 
10 
Laguira 
U 
8 
(8 
10 
Porto Rico 
U 
9 
(8 
10 
Java 
u 
12i 
(8 
14 
Corn 
bush. 
45 
(S> 
50 
Flour, Canal 
. . bbl. 
6 00 
(8 
7 00 
Baltimore 
“ 
5 50 
(8 
6 00 
Western 
5 50 
(8 
6 00 
Country 
u 
4 00 
(8 
5 50 
Feathers 
.. lb. 
20 
(8 
25 
Iron, Russia 
4 50 
(8 
5 00 
Swedes, assorted. . . 
H 
4 50 
(8 
5 00 
Hoop 
7 00 
(8 
8 00 
Sheet 
G 
7 00 
(8 
8 00 
Nail Rods 
Cl 
7 00 
(8 
8 00 
Leather, Sole 
...lb. 
18 
(8 
25 
Upper 
1 25 
(8 
2 50 
Calf Skins.... 
.doz. 
.8 00 
(8 
30 00 
Molasses, N. Orleans. . . 
..gal. 
28 
(8 
35 
Havana 
25 
(8 
30 
Nails 
... lb. 
41 
(8 
6 
Oats 
bush. 
37| 
(8 
50 
Peas 
C( 
62 
(8 
75 
Sugar, New Orleans. . . . . 
...lb. 
7 
18 
9 
Havana, white.. . 
U 
11 
(8 
121 
“ brown. . 
Cl 
8 
(8 
9 
Muscovado 
Cl 
7 
(8 
9 
St. Croix 
Cl 
8 
(8 
11 
Porto Rico 
cc 
7 
(8 
10 
Lump ..... . . . . . 
. . “ 
13 
(8 
14 
Loaf 
cc 
13 
(8 
15 
Double Refined. . 
cc 
14 
(8 
IG 
Salt, Liverpool ground. . 
.bush. 
45 
(8 
50 
.sack 
1 75 
(8 
2 50 
Steel, German 
... lb. 
15 
(8 
16 
Blistered 
(( 
8 
(8 
124 
Twine 
a 
20 
(8 
30 
Tea, Eohea 
(( 
50 
(8 
75 
Souchong 
cc 
GO 
(8 
75 
Hyson 
cc 
80 
(8 
1 25 
Gunpowder 
. . . “ 
1 00 
(8 
1 50 
TURNEP SEED. 
A SUPPLY of the following varie- 
ties of fresh TURNEP SEED just receiv- 
ed, viz: 
Yellow Sweedish or Ruta Baga, very fine for 
stock. 
Large Globe Turnep, "I Fine 
“ M hite Flat do. t for 
“ Hanover or White Ruta Baga do [ table 
“ Norfolk do. J use. 
For sale in quantities to suit purchasers, by 
Aug. 30 18-tf WM. HAINES, Je. 
THE SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR 
IS PUBLISHED BY 
J.W.&W.S. JONES, 
And loill be issued every other Wednesday. 
TERMS. 
1 copy one year $ 1 00 
6 copies “ “ 5 00 
25 “ “ “ 20 00 
100 “ “ “ 75 00 
The CASH SYSTEM will be rigidly adhered 
to, and in no case will the paper be sent unless 
the money accompanies the order. 
Advertisements pertaining to agriculture will 
be inserted for one dollar for every square of 
TWELVE lines, or less, for the first insertion, and 
seventy-five cents per square for each continu 
ance. 
j^PosT Masters are authorized to receive and 
forward money free of postage. 
All COMMUNICATIONS MUST be post paid 
All subscriptions to commence with the voL~ 
ume. 
