40 
THE SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
MANURES. 
While attention is demanded to every branch 
ot the fanning interest — there is one that should 
always receive special attention. The manure 
heaps should be attended to at all times; and 
neglect in this particular, will certainly result in 
a great diminution of the products of the larm. 
There are many of our fanners, who give little 
or no attention to the matter, although every ag- 
ricultural journal in the country is urging the 
subject upon them, As well might a man ex- 
pgct to secure a full aqd perfect development of 
the human system, without proper lood and 
nourishment, as lor a larmer to expect a bounti- 
ful haryesf, without providing the proper lood 
and aliment for his crops. 
It is not qncpmmon when accounts are pub- 
lished of extraordinary yields of grain, that ex- 
pressions are heard, “these are lancy crops,” 
“on paper,” &c. Why is this7 Simply be- 
cause the farmer, who has been content to ex- 
haust his soil, until his crops are of the most 
meagre description, has never witnessed any 
such yield as is spoken of — and he concludes 
that he has done about as well as any one could 
lipon his farm. It matters not that the state- 
ments are verified by disinterested persons — 
crops actually measured, as taken from the 
land— his incredulity remains. Ifyou can per- 
suade the individual, however, to commence 
himself a judicious system ol manuring, it will 
not be long before he begins to inquire as to the 
difference in the appearance of his crops. As 
successive seasons roll round, he finds that the 
farmers mine, after all, consists in a well prepar- 
ed manure heap, skilfully applied to his land. 
It is not our design, at present, to enter into an 
examination of the different kinds of manure, or 
which of them is best adapted to the various 
purposes of the farmer. It may doubtless be 
shown, that the foundation upon which the far- 
mer is mainly to rely, is the manure heap of his 
own yard. This can be increased with a little 
care and attention, to a very great extent. The 
value, also, of green crops as a manure, is not 
generally appreciated. Where there is a defi- 
ciency of the common barn-yard manures, the 
most economical substitute is that derived from 
urning in green crops. This practice now pre- 
vails to a very considerable extent in the wjieat 
growing districts, at the west, aqd has produced 
a very great change within the last few years — 
more abundant crops are now realized, and the 
..and is preserved in good tilth. 
It is ot the utmost importance to the farmer, 
to keep his land improving. Industry and atten- 
tion alone will secure this. If he neglects ma- 
nuring, for a single season, his lands show the 
neglect, and a longer time is required to bring 
his farm into good condition. We would urge 
upon the farmer, to be awake at all times to the 
preparation pf manure. Let nothing be lost or 
wasted. Let the barn-yards and stables be pre 
pared, so as to secure, in the most perfect man 
ner, all the litter and droppings, and urine from 
the cattle — and as occasion may require, let 
swamp earth and lime be mixed with the barn- 
yard manure. 
Not long since, in visiting one of our dairy- 
men, in a northern town, who stables about fifty 
cows, we were very much gratified to find so 
much attention given to the securing, and pre- 
paring lor his farm, the manure from his stable. 
Nothing seemed to be wasted. The copstfuc- 
tion of his stables for his cattle was such as to 
secure the whole. From the product of his 
farm, the last year, it is very evident that atten- 
tion has heret.Qfore been given to the subject, in 
some measure proportioned to its importance. 
It is our intention to resume this subject here- 
after, and to examine the various qualities, and 
advantages of the different kinds of manures, 
that are used in this country. 
Central New Yark Farmer. 
From the Southern Miscellany. 
IHE SWEET POTATO, 
Mr. Hanleiter — In one of the numbers of 
ihe “Misceilany,” published about a year ago, 
I saw an article, fcopid from the “ Southern 
Cultivator,) on the culture of Sweet Potatoes, 
from the pen of Mr. McKinly, of Oglethorpe 
county, which seemed to me to point out the 
best mode ol raising that article, and I resolved 
to test the plan by experiment. Accordingly, 
early in the season, 1 prepared my ground by 
deep and thorough ploughing, and continued at 
every suitable opportunity to plough it until the 
season should suit for transplanting ray slips. 
This did not occur until about the tenth of June 
— at which time I set them out. The mods 
which I adopted was as follows ; I first laid off 
my ground by running furrows with a long wide 
shovel four feet apart — then followed each fur- 
row with a long scooter, and that by a long 
coulter. This clone, a furrow on either side of 
the one laid off’ was run in the same way — first 
the shovel, then the scooter, then the coulter. 
The bed so prepared, I smoothed off with a hoe, 
leaving it flat on top, and but slightly elevated 
above the surrounding surface. In the centre 
of thjs, fifteen inches apart, I planted ray slips. 
They grew off remarkably well, scarcely one 
dying. 
The cultivation was such as I gave my corn 
— only there was but two ploughings and. two 
hoeings — and 1 w^s careful that not a vine 
should be covered up, or broken off. 
The soil in which they were planted was 
light and sandy — not rich — and the yield, one 
hundred and seventy bushels from 66-100 of an 
acre. The potatoes were Yams, of the ordinary 
kind — and such as I had cultivated in the old 
way for several years, and were, on the aver- 
age, doubly as large as any I ha.l ever raised be- 
fore. The yield from the same quality of land 
was nearly double. 
They were dug soon after the first frosts, vi'hen 
the vines were partially killed and the ground 
dry, when 1 found the soil in which they grew, 
as light and mellqw as the day they were plant- 
ed. I put them up in a hopse, prepared for the 
purpose, under my dvyelling, covering them en- 
tirely with dry sand — and none have rotted ex- 
cept those which were injured in digging, and 
those only before they were housed, I am so 
much pleased with my success last year, that I 
shall try the same plan again this — being care- 
ful, as I was then, to select the largest potatoes 
for seed, believing that potatoes, as well as eve- 
ry other plant, must degenerate so long as the 
smallest and most inferior seed is psed in plant- 
ing. I send you a specimen of what my pota- 
toes are now, of the excellence pf which you 
call pudge by tasting. 
Yours, truly, E. L. Witticij. 
Madison, Feb. 1844. 
AUGUSTA MARKET. 
Tuesday p. m., March 5, 
Colion. — We have no new feature to notice 
in our market, which seems to be gradually de- 
clining. Few persons seem willing to operate 
and the few sales made are forced upon the mar- 
ket. There has been so little done, that we 
omit quotations. 
TO HOG RAISEIRS, 
T he subscriber offers for sale the 
JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE, wMch, by 
early application, can be obtained at his Store in 
Monroe, Walton county. The value of this arti- 
cle as food for Hogs, is nolonger a matter of ex- 
periment or doubt. It has been fairly tested in 
Kentucky and Tennessee, and the Northwestern 
part of Georgia. They are required to be planted 
in the spring, and will be fit to feed in the ensu- 
ing fall and winter. I hazard nothing when I say 
not one-tenth of the corn now fed to hogs, is at all 
necessary ; and, by the use of the artichoke, the 
use of corn, for hogs, may be entirely dispensed 
with through the whole winter. The first year, 
they are no more trouble than sweet potatoes : 
after that, they require no cultivation. 
J. A. CLARK. 
Monroe, Walton Co., Ga., Feb. 21. 2t 
CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER. 
PAGE, 
Address, extracts from Mr. Hudson’s 33 
Corn, Premium Essay on the cultivation of. .36 
Corn 38 
Corn, culture of 39 
Corn Stalk Sugar 39 
Corn Cobs 39 
Hints to Fanners 39 
Manuring, necessity of 38 
Manures, Dana’s Prize Essay on 34 
Potatoes, experiments in raising .37 
Science, the advantage of to agriculture 37 
IjINNAEAN botanic garden 
AND NURSERY— LATE PRINCE’S, 
Flushing, L. I., near New York. 
mHE new DESCRIPTIVE 
i CATALOGUE, not only of 
FRUIT, but also of ORNAMENTAL 
TREES, SHRUBS, and PLANTS, 
cultivated and for sale at this ancient and cele. 
brated Nursery, {known as Prince’s, and by the 
above title for nearly fifty years,) 
WITH DIRECTIONS FOR THEIR CULTURE, 
may be had graP's on application to the New Pro- 
prietors, by mail, post-paid. 
The collection at this establishment is unri- 
valled, and prices generally much reduced ; 
and the proprietors flatter themselves that the 
Catalogue will be found to surpass in extent of 
information and usefulness, any thing of the 
kind ever before presented to the public; and to 
be worthy of a permanent place in the library of 
the Horticulturist. ORDERS will be promptly 
executed. WINTER & CO., 
Flushing, February 17, 1844. Proprietors, 
mh 6 
TURNER SEED. 
A SUPPLY of the following varie? 
ties of fresh TURNEP SEED just receiv- 
ed, viz: 
Yellow Sweedish or Ruta Baga, very fine for 
Large Globe Tumep, ] Fine 
“ White Flat do. 1 for 
“ Hanover or White Ruta Baga do f tqblp 
“ Norfolk do. j use, 
For sale in quantities to suit purchasers, by 
Au?. 30 18-tf WM. HAINES, Jr. 
GARDEN AND FIELD SEED. 
A GENERAL assortment of fresh 
and genuine GARDEN and FIELD 
SEED, among which are the following: 
Red and White Clover, 
Blue and Green Grass, 
Rye and Orchard do., 
Timothy and Herds do.. 
Millet and Lucerne do., 
Seed Corn of every valuable variety, 
Seed Wheat, 
Buckwheat and Potato Oats, 
Kept constantly on hand by the subscriber, all of 
which are offered for sale at very moderate prices. 
All orders, by mail or otherwise, executed with 
neatness and despatch. 
WM. HAINES, Jr., 
No. 232 Broad street, Augusta, Ga. 
August 30. 18-tf 
THE SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR 
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