80 
THE SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
truly manure is the lanner's niine. tie is about 
doing another very wise thing; and that is, to 
build a cistern in his garden, into which all the 
wash of his kitchen will be conducted ; and this 
he intends to apply upon his garden in a liquid 
stTte. And thus he has a very valuable garden. 
However, every larmer can do as much as Mr. 
Cook has done ; for it is within the means of 
every one to save all their manure and apply it 
to their crops in a safe and judicious manner. 
But as 1 hope some day to visit Mr. Cook, 1 
shall say no more about him now. 
Speaking ol manure, reminds me of a little 
experiment I tried the other day ; and it may be 
of service to others to know it : 1 noticed a ma- 
nure pile near one ol the stable-doors to be in a 
high state ol fermentation, and sending forth a 
dense vapor. The pungency of the odor clear- 
ly showed that a large quantity ol ammonial 
gas was escaping. I had a quantity ol ground 
plaster scattered over the heap, sufficient to 
make it quite white, and in a very short time 
the vapor ceased to appear. The plaster was 
changed in color perceptibly. This only shows 
that the theory of plaster’s absorbing aramonical 
gas is true, and that the practice that has obtain- 
ed to some extent of sowing plaster on compo.si 
and manure heaps, and upon dry meadows and 
pastures, as well as strewing it liberally in sta- 
bles, IS a very excellent one, as it fixes the am- 
monia which is the very essence of manure. 
The wholeibecomes a new compound, and easi- 
ly dissolved^in water, thereby rendering it more 
nutritious to the growing plant. 
Deep plowing is a great thing to help keep up 
the good condition ol land, and to insure good 
crops. I don’t mean four, five, or six inches, 
when I say deep plowing. I call it deep plow- 
ing, when the plow goes in beam deep. My 
neighbor Corbey has some excellent notions on 
that subject. He used to live in Ontario coun- 
ty, some thirty years since, and was lately back 
there on a visit. He told his friends they did 
not raise such crop^ as they used to when he 
was among them, and pointed to the stubble as a 
proof. In those days seventy bushels of corn to 
the acre was no uncommon crop. He tol i 
them that it was not so much the wantol lertili 
ty in the soil, as it was the want of good judg- 
ment in its management. When he lived there, 
they used to plow their land with two yoke of ox- 
en and a horse ; now they used a span ol light 
horses, and they ought not to wonder if they had 
light crops. If we skim over and skin the soil, 
the soil will skin us, as a great many farmers 
now find to their sorrow. P. 
From the Albany Cultivator. 
TO DESTROY NUT GRASS, &c. 
Messrs, Editors— I see that a subscriber 
asks lor intormation how to kill nut grass. If 
he means by it, that which has proved so great a 
curse on the coast of Louisiana, I would sug- 
ge.st as an experiment that a small plot of 
ground, say a square perch, be taken, and sow 
on it at the rate of 40 or 50 bushels of salt to the 
acre, and mark its effect, if it has that desired. 
I think that thousands of acres on both sides of 
the Mississippi would be reclaimed and be 
made even more fertile than at present. This 
much I can venture to assert ; that it will not 
only kill that or any other grass that appears for 
some distance below the surface of the ground, 
but whether it will extend its salutary effects to 
the bulb or not, must be proved by the experi- 
ment. It has this advantage; that it can be 
tried at but little expense. 
Acci.imating Cattle. — Whilst I am scrib- 
bling, 1 might suggest to a Southerner, who re- 
quests information, in last year’s vol., about ac- 
climating the improved breeds of cattle, that my 
opinion of the great difficulty that occurs, does 
not arise so much from the change of food or 
climate, as the state of irritation and lever that 
they are kept in by the incessant attacks of the 
horse flies and mosquitoes, so that they can get 
norestby day or night. Now I think that may 
be obviated by sponging them in a steep of the 
leaves of the black walnut, tomato vine, or ma- 
ny other strong and pungent leaves, or a solu- 
ti -ij ol soot migni answer, as any man in ihe 
South knows how repugnant the smell ol soot 
is to the insect tribe, particularly to the mos- 
quito. Mago. 
From tliG New Genesee Farmer. 
GOOD BUTTER. 
The season is now at hand for making butter ; 
and I wish every farmer’s wife and daughter 
would try to make a better article than was ev- 
er seen before. It is just as easy to make a 
nice, good article, as to make a poor one ; and 
it is certainly vastly more lor the comfort ol the 
consumer. Take pains — churn your cream be- 
fore it gets bitter, and skim your milk before the 
cream gets any bad tasle; work it well, but not 
too much ; get the milk out and the salt in with 
as litile delay as possible ; use only the finest 
and purest ruck salt, or the solar salt ol our own 
springs that has been ground. A great deal of 
good butter is spoiled by the salt; and many a 
good butter-maker has been blamed when it was 
no fault ol hers. When butter is put into fir- 
kins, it should be pounded in with a layer of 
salt on the lower head, and an inch of strong 
pure brine on top of the butter; and the firkins 
should be made of thoroughly seasoned wood — 
white ash, oak, beech or hemlock, but it must be 
seasoned. A great loss is sustained every year 
by pulling butter in unseasoned packages. To 
make good butter, it wants care, cleanliness, 
and good salt ; and plenty of salt at all timesfor 
the COW'S. Let us all have good butter this 
year. P. 
From the Massachusetts Ploughman. 
TIME OF SPREADING MAN URES ON GRASS LAND. 
A correspondent asks our opinion as to the 
most proper time for spreading manures over 
grass grounds 1 
We are decidedly in favor of spreading in 
November in preference to any time whatever 
in the spring season. We commonly lose a 
large part of our manures when we spread them 
at any lime on land that has long lam in grass. 
But as there are many natural meadows that 
cannot be easily plowed, we dress them by an 
application on the surface. 
Many farmers near Boston spread manures 
on their grass fields as .ate as May ; and it the 
month holds rather dry, they find but little bene- 
fit from it. Within our own observation, there 
are instances of such spreading w'hich has posi- 
tively proved detrimental to the harvest. In a 
wet season, it will operate better; but almost 
any kind of application in the spring is apt to 
come in the w'ay of the scythe and of the rake. 
The best time is November, when the appli- 
cation is less liable to dry up or evaporate, — 
Much loam or other matter should always be 
mixed w'itb manure that is to be spread on the 
surlace ot mowing lands. 
From Ihe Connecticut Farmer’s Gazette. 
LIMA BEANS. 
To have a good vegetable garden, should be 
the aim of every man, and woman too, who has 
the occupancy of a patch large enough to make 
one. Many people seem to think that vegeta- 
bles are vegetables, and it matters not what is 
the quality, if in quantity they do not lall short. 
We would remind such that some good things 
are a great deal better than some other good 
things— and among the best of garden vegeta- 
bles, u'e class the Lima Bean. It is a tender 
plant, and needs careful culture. Plant from 
the middle to the last ot May; having the soil 
made rich and deep, cover slightly with fine 
mould, and set the poles at the time of planting. 
For succatash in summer or winter, there is no 
variety that can be compared with the Lima, 
Remedy fur Hard Milking. — Mr. Knisk- 
ern, of Knox, says that he has tried the plan of 
opening the teats of cows that milk l ard, with a 
harness awl, or a small penknife, as recom- 
mended in a former number of the Cultivator, 
by Mr. Durand, and has by this means made a 
very good milking cow from one which could 
scarcely be milked before. — Alb. Cull. 
Cohn and Cruws. — As ilie a. .m, ,ar coni 
planting is approaching, it may le uf'crviceto 
know how to prevent ihe depredaiiun of crows. 
Take alter the rate of one pound of cojoperas to 
a bushel of seed corn; dissolve in wa^er, and 
sprinkle the corn with it ; the cum may at the 
same time be rolled in plaster. Thi> experi- 
ment has been tried now for three ye; is, with 
great success, by a veteran larmer, and be per- 
mits it to be handed usfor publication. 
jidd paper. 
To Destroy Catterpillars. — As soon as 
the nest can be seen, procure some puie spirits 
ot ammonia, lie a small piece of sponge to a 
pole that is long enough to reach the highest 
nests, fill the sponge with ammonia, and once 
filling will be sufficient to rub ofl and destroy 
Ifom 30 to 40 nests . — American AsricvJhtrist. 
COUTE/.TS OF THIS HUMBER. 
» dontmunfeatfon.s. 
Culture of Colton, pag® 73 
Spaying Hogs. 74 
Whitewash 74 
General Obsei vations, by D. Bradwell 75 
■Selections, 35j;tract.5, Src. 
Selection of iSeed ; Cotton Premiums ; A good plan 
of making Manure 75 
Essay on the interests and duties of the American 
Farmer, 76 
Wet Lands ; Take Care 77 
Manuring iSirawberiies : Death of Wiili> Giylord...78 
Editorials, etc ; Large yield of Corn; Orleaiu coun- 
ty Premium crop Indian Corn ; How ii:v iriend 
Cook raises Wheat 79 
To destroy Nut Grass; Good Bitiitr; Tune o( 
spreading Manure on Grass Land ; Lima Bean; 
Cure for Hard Milking; Corn and LTo",s; To 
Destroy Caterpillars 60 
TURNJEP SKLJt. 
A SUPPLY of the following varie- 
ties of fresh TURNER SEED just receiv- 
ed, viz: 
Yellow Sweedish or Ruta Baga, very fine for 
stock, 
Large Globe Turnep, j Fine 
“ V\ bite Flat do. ! for 
“ Hanovci or White Ruta Baga do f table 
“ Norfolk do. j use. 
For sale in quantities to suit purchasers, by 
Au?. 30 18-tf WM. HATXF.S. Jb. 
GARDEN AND FIELD SEED. 
A GENERAL assortment of fresh 
and genuine G A R D E N and FIELD 
SEED, among which are the following: 
Red and White Clover, 
Blue and Green Grass, 
Rye and Orchard do., 
Timothy and Herds do.. 
Millet and Lucerne do.. 
Seed Corn of every valuable variety. 
Seed Wheat, 
Buckwheat and Potato Oats, 
Kept constantly on hand by the subscriber, all of 
which are offered for sale at very moderate prices. 
All orders, by mail or otherwise, executed with 
neatness and despatch. 
WM. HAINES, Jr., 
No. 232 Broad street, Augusta, Ga. 
Au gust 30. 13-tf 
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