200 W. Theobald — Notes on some of the symlols found on the [No. 3, 
The symbol probably I’opresents the sun, and the moon at full, and 
this soems borno out by my specimen, a.s one of the circles has faint 
traces of rays surrounding it, as though to distinguish it from the other, 
representing the moon. 
The identity as I consider it, between this symbol and the ‘ spec- 
tacle ’ ornament, of Scottish antiquaries will appear less strange when it 
is seen how in Scotland the so-called ‘ spectacle ’ ornament (claimed 
as essentially the product of Celtic art and thought,) is in reality mixed 
up with and in fact compounded of Eastern and purely nature-worship 
or solar symbols. One of the simplest forms of the twin spheres 
(which phrase I prefer to ‘spectacle’) occurs on a stone at Logie, in 
the Garioch, (S. S. S. Vol. I, PI. Ill, fig. 1.) It is formed of two circles 
which I shall show are probably solar emblems, joined by two crescents, 
representing the lunar or feminine element. These symbols are also 
united by the ‘ sceptre ’ (so called) one end of which is without doubt a 
simple ‘ ti-isul ’ or emblem of Maliadev. On fig. 1 on the same plate, a still 
simpler example occurs alone without the sceptre, and on this it is seen 
at a glance that this mysterious ‘ spectaelo ’ ornament is simply two 
‘ Ungums ’ placed lip to Up, so that the projecting ‘ spouts ’ or ‘ lips’ overlap, 
or in other woi'ds, the two ‘ lingums ’ have a common ‘ lip ’ between them. 
The two outermost lines, represent the base of the emblem seen from 
above, when the two symbols are thus fused into one. The median 
‘ fissure ’ usually present in the projection or ‘ Up ’ of the ‘ lingwn ’ is 
here seen, but the ‘ sceptre ’ ornament is omitted. 
On the stone at Insch, Aberdeenshire, known as the ‘ Picardy Stone ’ 
(S. S. S. Vol. I, PI. VI, fig. 2) another example occurs, accompanied 
by a symbol which I take to be a variant of the same. Instead of the 
‘ twin spheres ’ crossed by the ‘sceptre’ or ‘ trisul’ of Mahadev, there 
is a serpent crossed by this latter symbol, and those who know, how in 
Itulia the serpent is identified with the ‘ ling urn,' and associated with the 
cult of Mahadev, will see the facility with which the ‘ serpent ’ may 
stand in place of the ‘ lingum,' and how when sharply flexed, the folds of 
the body of the snake represent the two orbs of the ordinary ‘ spectacle ’ 
symbol. The idea, however, now propounded that the spectacle mark is 
made up of two ‘ Ungums,’ is proved absolutely by a stone at Dyce 
Aberdeen, (S. S. S. Vol. I, PI. IX, fig. 1 ,) on which are two figures ; 
one a ‘ half-spectacle ’ symbol (as I may call it) composed of a circle, 
with a rectangular area in front equivalent to the ‘ Up ’ of the ‘ lingum’ ; 
and an ordinary ‘ spectacle ’ mark, in each end of which, (as well as on 
the above ‘ half-spectacle ’) a complete ‘ lingum ’ (symbol No. 4) is carved 
with the lips of each facing one another. The rectangular area in each 
symbol is ornamented with a pattern which may represent, six snakes, 
