Ordee ACCIPITEES.] 
[Fam. FALCONID/E. 
CIRCUS GOULDI. 
(GOULD’S HARRIER.) 
Circus assimilis, Gray, Voy. Ereb. and Terror, Birds, p. 2 (1844, nee J. & S.). 
Circus gouldi, Bonap. Consp. Gen. Av. i. p. 34 (1850). 
Falco harpe , Haast, Layard, Taylor (nec Forst.), 1859-1861. 
Falco aurioculus, Ellman, Zoologist, 1861, p. 7464. 
Circus approximans, Gray, Hand-1, of B. i. p. 36 (1869). 
Native names. 
Kahu and Manutahae ; in some districts Kahu-maiepa and Kahu-komokomo ; also Kahu-korako 
and Kahu-pango*, to distinguish the very old and the young birds. 
Ad. supra brunneus, sub ccrta luce cupreo nitens, dorsi plumis plus minus ve fulvo lavatis etterminatis : pilei plumis 
medialiter et longitudinaliter nigris, ferrugineo marginatis : nucha cum collo postico et laterali clarius 
fulvescentioribus : regione oculari nigra : facie laterali brunnea, plumis medialiter nigris : radio faciali 
saturate brunneo, ferrugineo tincto et fulvescenti mixto : dorso postico brunneo, plumis late fulvo termi- 
natis : uropygio imo et supracaudalibus albis, liis fascia fulva anteapicali transnotatis : tectricibus alarum 
dorso concoloribus, minimis fulvo et albo lavatis : ala spuria cinereo lavata : remigibus brunneis, ad apicem 
saturatioribus, extiis argenteo-cinereo lavatis, saturate brunneo transfasciatis : cauda cinerca, rectricibus 
exterioribus ferrugineis, plus minusve albicantibus, pennis centralibus distincte, exterioribus irregulariter 
brunneo transfasciatis, omnibus ad apicem albis : cauda subtus albicante, fasciis brunneis interruptis notata : 
subtus lactescenti-albus, paullo fulvescens : gula brunnea, plumis medialiter nigris : pectore toto distincte 
brunneo longitudinaliter striato cruribus paullo ferrugineo tinctis, supra anguste ferrugineo striatis : 
subalaribus albis, maculis ferrugineis et brunneis notatis : cera et pedibus flavis : rostro et ungulis nigris : 
iride lrete flava. 
2 mari paullo major et fere pallidior : scapularibus rufescenti-albo terminatis. 
Juv. cbocolatinus, cupreo nitens, pileo vix nigricantiore : nucha albicanti-fulvo notata : subtus ferrugineo tinctus : 
cauda subtus albicante, suprit chocolatina, ferrugineo marmorata : remigibus subtus ad basin lactescentibus, 
plus minusve brunneo marmoratis : cera et pedibus flavis : iride saturate brunnea. 
• 
Adult male. Upper parts dark brown, the feathers of the head and neck broadly margined with reddish fulvous, 
the wing-coverts and scapulars terminally edged with pale rufous brown ; quills black, with the outer web 
silvery grey, obscurely banded ; tail, when closed, light silvery brown, with interrupted transverse bars and 
a subterminal band of dark brown ; the lateral tail-feathers washed with rufous ; the bars more conspicuous 
when the tail is spread ; upper tail-coverts pure white, barred near the tip with rufous brown; superadjacent 
feathers tipped with rufous. Underparts generally pale fulvous, with a broad dash of rufous brown down 
the centre of each feather, these markings being thickest on the breast and sides ; tibial plumes paler fulvous, 
with the central streak much reduced ; the axillary plumes, which are remarkably long, pale rufous, barred 
* Mr. Gurnoy has sent me the following note : — “ The circumstance which you mention (page 11 of 1st edition) of Circus 
gouldi being called by the natives ‘ kahu-pango ’ strikes me as very curious, as C. macroscelis bears the name of ‘ papango ’ in 
Madagascar, and C. maillardi in Reunion (vide Ibis, 1863, p. 338 and note). The fact of the Reunion Harrier being called 
‘ papango ’ was also mentioned to me by a resident there.” 
