BUG 
BUD 
within about three to six inches from the 
bottom, thattlicy may first fiunisli brandies 
near the ground : for half standards, at the 
heidit of three or four feet ; and for full 
standards, at from about five to six or seven 
feet high ; tlie stocks being trained aceord- 
indv. ” Tlie necessary implements and ma- 
terials for this purpose, are a small budding 
knife for preparing the stocks and buds for 
insertion, having a flat thin haft to open the 
bark of the stocks in order to admit the 
buds ; and a quantity of new bass strings 
well moistened to tie them witii. In per- 
forming the operation of budding, the head 
of the stock is not to be cut off, as in graft- 
hut, but the bud inserted into the side,^the 
head remaining entire till the spring aiter- 
wards, and then cut off. A smooth pai-t on 
the side of the stocks at the proper height, 
rather on the north side away from the sun, 
should be chosen ; and then rvith the knife 
an honzontal cut made across the j’ind, and 
from the middle of that cut a slit down- 
wards about two inches in length, in the 
form of the letter T, being careful lest the 
stock be wounded. Then having cut off 
tlie leaf from the bud, leaving the foot- 
stalk remaining, make a cross cut about 
half an inch below the eye, and with the 
knife slit off the bud with part of the wood 
to it, somewhat in the form of an escut- 
cheon, pulling off that part of the wood 
which was taken with the bud, being care- 
ful that the eye of the bud be left with it, 
as all those buds which lose their eyes in 
stripping should be thrown away as good 
for nothing : then liaving gently raised the 
bark of the stock where the cross incision 
was made with the flat haft of the knife 
clear to the wood, thrust the bud in, placing 
it smoothly betw'een the rind and the wood 
of the stock, cutting off any part of the rind 
belonging to the bud, which may be too 
long for the slit ; and after having exactly 
fitted the bud to the stock, tie them closely 
round with bass string, beginning at the 
under part of the slit and proceed to the 
top taking care not to bind round the eye 
of the bud, which should be left open and 
at liberty. AVlien the buds have been in- 
serted about three weeks or a month,, exa- 
mine which of them have taken; those 
which appear shrivelled and black being- 
dead, but such as remain fresh and plump 
are joined; and at this time loosen the 
bandage, which, if not done in lime, is apt 
to pinch the .stock and greatly injure, if not 
destroy, the bud. The March following, 
cut ofl' the s^ock about three inches above 
the bud, sloping it that the wet may pass 
off, and not enter into the stock. Tq the 
part of the stock which is left, some fasten 
tlie slioot wliicl) proceeds from the bud, to 
prevent the danger of its being blown out, 
but this must coiitimie no longer than one 
year ; after which it must be cut off close 
above the bud, that the stock may be 
covered by it. 
BUFF, in cohinierce, a sort of leather 
prepared from the skin of the buffalo, w’hich 
dressed with oil, after the manner ot sham- 
my, makes what we call bulf-skin. This 
makes a very considerable article in the 
French, English, and Dutch commerce at 
Constantinople, Smyrna, and all along the 
coast of Africa. The skins of elks, oxen, 
and other-like animals, when prepared after 
tile same manner as that of the buffalo, are 
likewise called buffs. 
BUFFALO, in zoology, an animal of the 
ox kind, with vei-y large, crooked, and re- 
supinated horns. See Bos. 
BUFFONIA, in botan.y, so named in 
honour of the Count de Buffou, a genus of 
the Tetrandria Digynia class and order. 
Natural order of Caryophyllei. Essential 
character : calyx four-leaved ; corol foiir- 
petalled ; capsules one-celled, two-seeded. 
There is but one species, viz. B. tenuifolia ; 
small buffbiiia, or bastard duckweed, has 
an annual root, the stem half a foot in 
height, upright, coraiuoiily branched at the 
base ; leaves in pairs at each joint, resem- 
bling grass leaves, but when the plant is 
in flower they are dry and shrivelled ; sta- 
mens two, sometimes tour ; filaments very 
slender, shorter than the corolla, fastened, 
to the receptacle ; anthers saffron coloured ; 
the capsule splits at top into two hearts ; 
seeds blackish. It is a native of England, 
France, Ital5', and Spain. It flowers in 
May and Juue. 
BUFO, toad. See Rasa, 
Bdc. See Cimex. 
The house bug, or cimex lectuarius, so 
extremely troublesome about beds, is of a 
roundish figure, and of a dark cinnamon 
colour. One of the best methods for extir- 
pating these insects from bedsteads, is by 
thoroughly washing all the paits where they 
are likely to lodge with a solution of mu- 
riated mercury, or, as it is called in the shops, 
corrosive sublimate. Great caution should 
be had in the use of this mixture as it is 
one of the most deadly poisons known. 
BUGINVILLjEA, in botany, a genus 
of the Octandria Monogynia class and or- 
der. Corolla inferior, tubular, four-toothed ; 
