CAR 
CAR 
pscaped being sold in the royal collection, 
by the disproportionate appraisement of 
tliese seven at SOOl. ; and the nine pieces, 
which were the triumph of Julius Caesar, 
by Andrea Mantegna, appraised at 1,0001. 
The cartoons seem to have been little no- 
ticed till King William III. built a galleiy 
for the purpose of receiving them at Hampton 
Court. After having suffered much from the 
damps of the situation in which they were 
placed, they were removed by order of his 
present Majesty, King George III. to the 
Queen’s Palace at Buckingham House, bnd 
from thence to the Castle at Windsor. These 
cartoons are justly represented as “ the 
glory of England, and the envy of all other 
polite nations and his Majesty is entitled 
to a tribute of respect and applause for his 
care in preserving these precious treasures. 
They have been long deservedly held in 
high estimation throughout Europe by all 
authors of refined taste, and by all the ad- 
mirers of the art of design, for their various 
and matchless merit, particularly with re- 
gard to the invention, and to the noble ex- 
pression of such a variety of characters, 
countenances, and attitudes, as they are 
differently affected and suitably engaged, 
in every composition. 
CARTOUCHE, in architecture and 
sculpture, an ornament representing a scroll 
of paper. It is usually a flat member, with 
wavings, to represent some inscription, 
vice, cypher, or ornament of armoury. 
They are, in architecture, much the same 
as modillions ; only these are set under the 
cornice in wainscotting, and those under the 
cornice at the eaves of a house. 
Cartouche, in the military art, a case 
of wood, abouf three inches thick at the 
bottom, girt with marlin, holding about 
four hundred musket ballsj besides six or 
eight balls of iron, of a pound weight, to 
be fired out of a howitzer, for the defence 
of a pass, &c. 
A cartouche is sometimes made of a glo- 
bular form, and filled with a ball of a 
pound weight ; and sometimes it is made 
for the guns, being of ball of half or quar- 
ter pound weight, according to the nature 
of tlie gun, tied in form of a bunch of 
grapes, on a tompion of wood, and coated 
over. 
CARTRIDGE, in the military art, a 
case of pasteboard or parchment, holding 
the exact charge of a fire-arm. Those for 
musquets, carabines, and pistols, hold both 
the powder and ball for the charge ; and 
those of cannon and mortars are usually in 
cases of pasteboard or tin, sometimes of 
wood, half a foot long, adapted to the ca- 
libre of tlie piece. 
Cartridge box, a case of wood or turn- 
ed iron, covered with leather, holding a 
dozen musquet cartridges. It is worn upon 
a belt, and hangs a little lower than the 
right pocket-hole. 
CARTS, laws relating to. Carts for the 
carriage of any thing, to and from anyplace 
where the streets are paved within the bill* 
of mortality, shall contain six inches in the 
felly : the name of the owner must be on 
some conspicuous part, and his name en- 
tered with the commissioners of tlie hack- 
ney-coaches, under the penalty of 4()s., and 
any person may seize and detain such cart 
till the penalty is paid. On changing pro- 
perty, the names are to be altered, and 
new entries n;ade. Every driver of a cart 
riding upon it, without having a person on 
foot to guide it, shall forfeit 20s. if he is the 
owner, and 10s., if he is the seiwant only. 
CARUM, in botany, English caratoay, 
a genus of the Pentandria Digynia class and 
order. Natural order of UmbellatEe. Es- 
sential character : fruit ovate, oblong, stri- 
ated ; involucre one-leafed ; petals keeled 
inflex-emarginate. There is but one species, 
viz. C. carui, common caraway, a biennial 
plant j it has a taper root like a parsnip, 
but much smaller, running deep into the 
ground, sending out many small fibres, and 
having a strong aromatic taste. It is par- 
ticularly cultivated in Essex. 
CARUNCULA, in anatomy, a term de- 
noting a little piece of flesh, and applied to 
several parts of the body ; thus, Caruncida 
lacrymalis, a little eminence situated in the 
larger angle, or canthus of the eye, where 
there are also sometimes hairs and certain 
little glands. 
CARUS, in medicine, a sudden depriva- 
tion of sense and motion,affecting the whole 
body. 
CARYATIDES, or Cariates, in archi- 
tecture, a kind of order of columns or pil- 
lasters, under the figure of women, dressed 
in long robes, after the manner of the Carian 
people, and serving instead of columns, to 
support the entablement. The caryatides 
should always have their legs pretty close to 
each other, and even across, or one athwart 
the other ; their arms laid flat to their bodies, 
or to the head ; and as little spread as pos- 
sible ; when they are insulated, they should 
never have any great weight to support; 
and they ought always to appear in charac- 
ters proper to the place they are used in. 
