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natrons from its body, it frequently baffles 
the most experienced dogs, and remains in 
a state of security while the full pack passes 
almost close by its retreat, distinguishing it 
neither by sight nor smell : it differs from 
the stag in the constancy of its attach- 
ments, and the parents and their young con- 
stitute a family, never associating with 
strangers : two fawns are generally pro- 
duced by the female at a birth, one of each 
sex, which, living together, form a mutual 
and invincible attachment. When a new 
family is to be nursed, the former is driven 
off to provide for itself, but returns again 
after a certain interval to the mother, whose 
former affection is restored; a final separa- 
tion speedily takes place, however, soon af- 
ter this return, between the fawns of the 
season preceding the last and their dam, 
and the former remove to a distance, con- 
stituting a distinct establishment, and rear- 
ing an offspring of tlieir own. When the 
female is about to bring forth, she secludes 
herself in some remote recess of the forest, 
fi om which she returns at the end of about 
ten days, with her fawns, just able slowly 
and weakly to follow her steps : in cases 
of danger she hides them in a place deem- 
ed by her most secure from the enemy, and 
attracts the attention of the latter from 
tliem to herself; happy, by her own perils 
or even destruction, to effect the security 
of her offspring. In winter these animals 
feed on brambles, broom, heath, and cat- 
kins ; and in spring they eat the young 
wood and leaves of almost evejy species of 
trees, and are said to be so affected, as it 
were with intoxication, by the fementa- 
tion of this food in their stomachs, that they 
will approach men and other enemies, wlwm 
they generally shun with extreme care, 
without apprehension or suspicion. The 
flesh of these animals is excellent, though 
after two years of age that of the males is 
ill-flavoured and tough. Some roes have 
been found perfectly white, and in the fo- 
rest of Lucia, in the duchy of Lunenburgh, 
a race of jet black roes is to be met with, 
in every other respect but this marked pe- 
culiarity of colour, (which is also stated to 
be an invariable distinction) resembling 
the common roe. 
Roes may be tamed to a certain degree, 
but never so as to be completely fami- 
liarized. The share of natural wildness which 
Uiey ever retain is connected, especially 
in males, with much caprii^e, and even an- 
tipathy to particular individuals, whom 
they will assault with their horns, and after- 
VOL. IL 
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wards violently trample on with their feel. 
The roe exists now in no part of Ireland, 
and, in Great Uritain, only in a few dis- 
tricts of the Highlands. 
C. axis, or spotted axis, is a most beauti- 
ful animal, marked with numerous spots : it 
is described by Pliny, and is said to have 
been sacred to Bacchus among the ancients. 
Fig. 3. 
CESARE, among logicians, one of the 
modes of the second figure of syllogisms ; 
the minor proposition of which is an uni- 
versal affirmative, and the other two uni- 
versal negatives : thus, 
Ce No immoral books ought to be read ; 
SA But every obscene book is immoral : 
RE Therefore no obscene book ought to 
be read. 
CERTIFICATION of assize of novel dis- 
seisin, a W'rit granted for the re-examina- 
tion or review of a matter passed by assize 
before any justices ; as where a man ap- 
pearing by his bailiff to an assize brought 
by another, hath lost the day, and having 
something more to plead for himself, as a 
deed of release, &c. which the bailiff did 
not or might not plead for him ; desires a 
farther examination of the cause, either be- 
fore the same justices or others, and ob- 
taineth letters patent to that effect. 
CERTIORARI, writ of, is an original 
writ, issuing out of the Court of Chanceiy 
or the King’s Bench, directed in the King’s 
name, to the judges or officers of inferior 
courts, commanding them to certify or to 
return the records of a cause depending be- 
fore them, to the end that the party may have 
the more sure and speedy justice, before 
the King or such justices as he shall assign 
to determine the cause. 
A certiorari lies in all judicial proceed- 
ings in which a writ of error does not lie ; 
and it is a consequence of all inferior juris- 
dictions erected by act of parliament, to 
have their proceedings returnable in the 
King’s Bench. 
In particular cases, the court will use 
their discretion to grant a certiorari, jis, if 
the defendant be of good character, or if 
the prosecution be malicious, or 'attended 
with oppressive circumstances. 
The Courts of Chancery and King’s 
Bench may award a cei tiorari to remove 
the proce-eding from any inferior courts, 
whether they be of ancient or newly 
created jurisdiction, unless the statute or 
charter which creates them exempts them 
from, such jurisdiction. 
CESSION, in law, an act by wldcU a 
K 
