CUE 
CHERLERIA, in botany, so called in 
honour of Ctierler, assistant and son in-law 
to John Bauliin : a genus of the Decandria 
Trigj'nia class and order : natural order of 
Caryopliyllei. Essential character : calyx 
five-leaved ; nectaries five, bifid, resembling 
petals ; anthers alternate, barren ; capsule 
one-celled, three-valved, three-seeded. 
There is but one species, viz. C. sedodides ; 
stone crop cherleria. It is found on the 
mountains of Dauirhine, Switzerland, Sa- 
voy, the Valais, Austria, Carniola, and the 
Highlands of Scotlandi Perennial; flow- 
ering in August. 
CHERhlES, in natural history, a genus 
of insects of the order Hemiptera. Generic 
character ; snout placed in the breast, with 
three inflected ' bristles ; antennae filiform, 
pubescent longer than the thorax ; four 
wings deflected ; thorax gibbous ; hind legs 
formed for leaping. There are 24 species. 
They inhabit various trees and plants, and 
produce, by their punctures, protuberances 
and excrescences of various shapes and 
sizes, in which are frequently enclosed the 
eggs and insects in tlieir several states : the 
larva is six-footed and apterous : the pupa 
is distingushed by two protuberances on the 
thorax, w’hich are the rudiments of future 
wings. C. alni is found on the leaves and 
shoots of alder; its larva is entirely co- 
vered about the hinder part by viscid down 
or cotton; this, if purposely rubbed off, 
is quickly reproduced by the animal, which 
secretes the white fibres from large pores 
placed in a circle at some distance fiom the 
vent. These larva are gregarious, often 
appearing in such numbers on the shoots of 
the tree that the w'hole shoot appears co- 
vered with cotton, w'hich, if touched with 
the finger, separates into distinct tufts, 
from the animals being suddenly disturbed, 
and moving in all directions. C. buxi ; 
antennffi setaceous ; wings yellowish brow n. 
Its punctures make the leaves bend in 
towards each other at their extremity, 
forming a hollow knob in which the larva 
are enclosed. 
CHERRY tree, in botany. See Prunos. 
CllESNUT tree. See Fagus. 
Next to the oak the chesnut timber is 
most coveted by carpenters and joiners. 
It likewise makes the best stakes, pallisa- 
does, vine props, hop-poles, &c. and is also 
proper for mill timber and watcr-w’orks. 
It is likewise fit for chests, tables, bed- 
steads, columns, &c. 
CKIvSS, a game played by two personi 
CHE 
sitting vis-a-vis, and having between them 
a square board, containing 64 rectangular 
chequers, alternate white and black ; each 
player lias the white corner square at his 
right hand. The pieces are as follows, for 
each party. A queen, which is always 
placed on her own colour : thus, the white 
queen is on a white square, the fourth fi om 
the corner, and the black queen on the 
black square facing the white queen. Their 
respective kings are then placed by the 
sides of the queens, so that each couple 
occupy the two centre squares on the lines 
nearest the players. Tw'o bishops are then 
placed, one on the side of the king, the 
other on the side of the queen, on squares 
ot different colours. Bishops are generally 
distinguished by a kind of mitre on their 
tops : at the sides of the bishops are placed 
the tw o knights, also on different coloured 
squares : these are usually distinguished by 
horses’ heads, or by having a piece ob- 
liquely taken off' from their flat round bon- 
nets. The exterior pieces are called castles 
or rooks, and are commonly made to re- 
semble turrets ; or may be only pawns of a 
larger size. The pawns, eight in number, 
are ranged so as to occupy all the squares 
on the second line, immediately in front of 
the line of pieces. Pawns are generally 
pieces of turned wood, of a neat pattern, 
and with splierical summits. This descrip- 
tion of one party will answ’er for both : ob- 
serving that tlie players are designated ac- 
cording to the colour of their pieces. Such 
as are white or yellow, are called white, 
and such as are black, red, green, &c. are 
called black. 
The king can only move one square 
at a time, but in any direction that 
may be open to him : he cannot, however , 
move to, nor remain on; a square which is 
commanded by any of the advei-sary’s pieces 
or paw ns. 'i he queen moves only in right 
lines, but her range is unlimited where the 
board is clear : thus she can go the wdiole 
breadth, or the w hole length, or the whole 
diagonal of tlie board. If placed in the 
centre of t he board she could, consequently, 
move in any one of the eight, i. e. four 
rectangular, and four diagonal directions, 
diverging from the square on which she 
might stand. The bishops always move in 
a diagonal direction, each invariably ad- 
hering to that colour on which he was 
originally placed; these pieces are called 
according to the colour on which they stand 
and move, without any reference to their 
own complexions respectively. Thus the 
