CLY 
are caught in abundance in the Thame?, 
and are a \ery valuable resource for die 
poor inhabitants of the metropolis. In 
some places they are pickled with great 
advantage ; in others they are cured like 
the herring, and are scarcely less relished. 
C. encrasicolus, or anchovy. This was 
well known to the ancients, who prepared 
from it a sauce in high estimation. Its 
bones are soluble in boiling water, which 
renders it of great convenience in con- 
dimental preparations. 
CLUSIA, in botany; so called in me- 
mory of Carolus Clusius, an eminent French 
botanist : a genus of the Polygamia Mono- 
ecia class and order. Natural order of 
Giittiferm, Jussieu. Essential character ; 
male, calyx four or six-leaved ; leaflets op- 
posite, imbricate; corolla four or six-pe- 
talled ; stamina numerous : female, calyx 
and corolla as in the males ; nectary formed 
by the coalition of the anthers, including 
the germ ; capsule five-celled, five-valved, 
stuffed with pulp. There are six species. 
These are trees abounding in a tenacious, 
glutinous juice. C. rosea, rose-coloured 
balsam-tree, is from twenty to thirty feet 
in height, a native of the Bahama Islands, 
St. Domingo, and otiier American islands, 
between the Tropics, on rocks, and often 
on the trunks and limbs of trees, occasioned 
by birds scattering or voiding the seeds, 
which being glutinous like those of misle- 
toe, take root in the same manner ; but the 
roots, not finding suflicient nutriment, 
spread on the surface of the tree till they 
find a decayed hole or other lodgment, 
where there is some portion of soil; the 
fertility of this being exhausted, a root is 
discharged from the hole till it reaches the 
ground, though at forty feet distance ; here 
again it fixes itself, and becomes a larger 
tree, 
CLUYTIA, in botany, in memory of 
Augerius Clutius, professor of botany at 
Leyden, a genus of the Dioecia Gynandria 
class and order. Natural order of Tricoccae. 
Euphorbiae, Jussieu. Essential character; 
calyx five-leaved ; corolla five-petalled ; fe- 
male, styles three ; capsule three-celled ; 
seed one. There are ten species, all na- 
tives of hot climates. 
CLYPEOLA, in botany, a genus of the 
Tetradynamia Siliculosa class and order. 
Natural order of Siliquosas. Cruciferas, 
Jussieu. Essential character : silicle epiar- 
ginate, or biculate, compressed, flat, deci- 
duous. There are three species. These 
COA 
are low plants that have little beauty, and 
are preserved chiefly in botanic gardens. 
CLYSTER is a liquid remedy to be in- 
jected chiefly at the anus into the larger in- 
testines. 
CNEORUM, in botany, a genus of the 
Triandria Monogynia class and order. Na- 
tural order of Tricoccae. Terebintaceae, 
Jussieu. Estential character : calyx three- 
toothed ; petals three, equal ; berry tricoc- 
cous. There is but one species ; viz. C. tri- 
coccum, willow-wail, or spunge olive; na- 
tive of the South of France, Italy, and 
Spain, in hot, dry, barren, and rocky soils. 
CNICUS, in botany, a genus of the Syn- 
genesia Polygamia jEqualis class and or- 
der. Natural order of Conipositae Capita- 
tae. Cinarocephal®, Jussieu. Essential 
character ; calyx ovate, imbricate with 
branch-thorny scales, guarded with brac- 
tes ; corollets equal. There are nine spe- 
cies. 
COACH, a convenient carriage suspend- 
ed on four or more springs, and moving on 
four wheels, originally intended for the con- 
veyance of persons in the upper circles of 
society, but now become so common as to 
stand in our streets plying for fares. The 
first coach ever seen in England was intro- 
duced by the Earl of Arundel from the 
continent, in the year 1581; since that 
time their numbers have been gradually in- 
creasing, insomuch that every family of easy 
fortune keeps its carriage; while no less 
than 1100 hackney coaches are registered 
within the bills of mortality. See Coachks, 
hackney. Such coaches as are the pro- 
perty of private persons, or are kept for 
hire, pay a high duty, and produce a total 
of several hundreds of thousands to the Ex- 
chequer. The fashions, with regard to form 
and ornament of coaches and other car- 
riages for pleasure, are perpetually chang- 
ing., and many varieties are occasionally 
presented. The principal kinds now in use 
are the close coach ; the landau, which can 
lower its roof and part of its sides, like the 
head of a phaeton ; the barouche, or open 
.summer carriage, made on the lightest con- 
struction; the chariot, which is intended 
only for two or three persons ; the landau- 
let, or chariot whose head unfolds back ; 
the phaeton and caravan, which have only 
a head and no windows, with a leather 
apron rising from the foot-board to the 
waist : all of these run upon four wheels. 
Of the two-wheeled vehicles we have the 
curricle, drawn by two horses, each bearing 
on a narrow saddle the end of a sliding bar 
