COLLEGE. 
company, or society of men, having cer- 
tain privileges founded by the King’s li- 
cence. 
Colleges in the Universities are generally 
lay corporations, although the members of 
the college may be all ecclesiastical. And 
in tlie government thereof, the King’s 
courts cannot interfere, where a visitor is 
specially appointed. 
The two Universities, in exclusion of the 
King’s courts, enjoy the sole jurisdiction 
over all civil actions and suits, except where 
the right of fi’eehold is concerned ; and also 
in criminal oflFences or misdemeanours 
under the degree of treason, felony, or 
maim. Their proceedings are in a sum- 
mary waj', according to the practice of the 
civil law. But they have no jurisdiction 
unless the plaintiff or defendant be a scho- 
lar or servant of the university, and resident 
in it at the timg. An appeal lies from the 
Chancellor’s court to the congregation, 
thence to die convocation, from thence to 
the delegates. 
College of Civilians, commonly called 
Doctors’ Commons, founded by Dr. Har- 
vey, Dean of the Arches, for the professors 
of the civil law residing in the city of Lon- 
don. The judges of the arches, admiralty, 
and prerogative court, with several other 
eminent civilians, commonly reside here. 
To tliis College belong thirty-four proctors, 
who make themselves parties for their 
clients, manage their causes, give licenses 
for marriages, &c. In the Common Hall 
of Doctors’ Commons are held several 
courts, under the jurisdiction of the civil 
law, particularly the High Court of Admi- 
ralty, the Court of Delegates, the Arches 
Court of Canterbuiy, and the Prerogative 
Court of Canterbury, whose terms for sit- 
ting are much like those at Westminster, 
every one of them holding several court 
days ; most of them fixed and known by 
preceding holy days, and the rest appomted 
at the judge’s pleasure. • 
College of Physicians, a corporation of 
physicians in London, whose number, by 
charter, is not to exceed eighty. The chief 
of them are called fellows, and the next 
candidates, who fill up the places of fellow s 
as they become vacant by death, or other- 
wise. Next to these are the honorary fel- 
lows, and lastly, the licentiates, that is, 
such as being found capable upon exami- 
nation, are allowed to practise physic. 
This College Las several great privileges 
granted by charter and acts of parliament. 
No man can practise physic in, orwitliin 
seven miles of London, without license of 
the College, under the penaltry of bl. Also, 
persons practising physic in other parts of 
England are to have letters testimonial 
from the president and three elects, unless 
they be graduate physicians of Oxford or 
Cambridge. Every member of the College 
is authorized to practise surgery in London, 
or elsewhere ; and that they may be able 
at all times to attend their patients, they 
are freed from all parish offices. 
The College is governed by a president, 
four censors, and twelve electors. The 
censors have, by charter, power to survey, 
govern, and arrest all physicians, or others, 
practising physic in or within seven miles 
of London ; to fine, amerce, and imprison 
them at discretion ; to search apothecaries’ 
shops, &c. in and about London ; to see if 
their drugs, &c. be wholesome, and the 
compositions according to the form pre- 
scribed by the College in their dispensaries ; 
and to burn, or otherwise destroy, those 
that are defective or decayed, and not fit 
for use. They are judges of record, and 
not liable to action for what they do in 
their practice but by judicial powers ; sub- 
ject nevertheless to appeal to the College 
of Physicians. By law-, if any person, not 
expressly allowed to practise, take upon 
him the cure of any disease, and the patient 
die under his hand, it is deemed felony in 
the practiser. 
College Royal of Physicians, is also a 
corporation of physicians in Edinburgh, 
erected by King Charles II. granting them, 
by patent under the great seal, an ample 
jurisdiction within this city and liberties, 
commanding the courts of justice to assist 
them in the execution of .their orders. 
These have the sole faculty of professing 
physic here, and hold conferences once a 
month for the improvement of medicine. 
This College consists of a president, two 
censors, a secretary, and the ordinary so- 
ciety of fellows, who, upon St. Andrew’* 
day, if it falls on a Thursday, if not, on the 
first Thursday after, elect seven counsel- 
lors, who chuse the president and the other 
officers for the ensuing year. By their 
charter, the president and censors have 
power to convene before them all per- 
sons that presume to practise physic within 
the city of Edinburgh, or the liberties 
thereof, without the license of the College ; 
and to fine them in five pounds sterling. 
They are also irapowered to visit apothe- 
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