CON 
CON 
qtience or judgment drawn from what was 
asserted in the premises ; or the previous 
judgments in reasoning, gained from com- 
bining the extreme ideas between tliem- 
selves. 
CONCORD, in grammar, that part of 
construction, or syntax, in which tlie words 
of a sentence agree ; that is, in wliich nouns 
are put in the same gender, number, and 
Case ; and verbs in the same number and 
person with nouns and pronouns. 
Concord, in music, the relation of two 
sounds that are always agreeable to the ear, 
whether applied in succession or conso- 
nance. See Music. 
CONCORDANCE, a sort of dictionary 
of the Bible, explaining the words thereof 
in alphabetical order,with the several books, 
chapters, and verses quoted, in which they 
are contained. 
CONCORDAT, a covenant or agree- 
ment with the Pope concerning the acqui- 
sition, permutation, and resignation of 
ecclesiastical benefices. In France the 
term concordat denoted formerly an agree- 
ment concluded at Bologna, in 1516, be- 
tween Pope Leo X. and Francis I. of France, 
for regulating the manner of nominating to 
benefices; but at present it applies ex- 
clusively to a convention exchanged be- 
tween Pope Pius VII. and the French 
government on the lOth of September, 1801, 
in which the Roman Catholic religion is ac- 
knowledged to be that of the majority of 
the French people, and the free exercise of 
their religion is conceded to Calvinists and 
Lutherans under the siiperintendance of 
government. 
CONCRETE, in logic, is used in contradis- 
tinction to abstract ; for example, wlien we 
consider any quality, as whiteness, inhering 
in any subject, as suppose in snow : if we 
may say the snow is white, then we speak 
of whiteness in the concrete ; but if we con- 
sider whiteness by itself, as a quality that 
may be in paper, in ivory, and in other 
things, as well as in snow, we are then said 
to consider, or to take it in the abstract. 
CONCRETIONS, morbid, in animal 
economy, hard substances that occasionly 
make their appearance in different parts of 
the body, as well in the solids as in those 
cavities destined to contain fluids : in the 
first place they are denominated concre- 
tions, or ossifications : in the other calculi. 
The concretions that make their appear- 
ance in the solids of the animal body are 
denominated pineal concretions, from their 
being found in tliat part of the brain called 
the pineal gland ; or salivary concretions, 
as being discovered occasionally in the sali- 
vary glands ; or pancreatic concretions, 
which are hard substances found in the pan- 
creas; or pulmonary concretions, which 
have been sometimes coughed up by con- 
sumptive persons; or hepatic concretions, 
of which the liver is sometimes full : con^ 
cretions have also been found in the pros- 
tate ; these have all been examined by che- 
mists, and found to consist of phosphate of 
lime and other substances. Concretions 
have been discovered in the intestines and 
stomach of the human body, but more fre- 
quently in those of animals : those found in 
the intestines of a horse were examined by 
Fourcroy, and found to consist of magnesia, 
phosphoric acid, /ammonia, water, and ani- 
mal matter, bee Calculi and Chalk 
Stones. 
CONDENSER, a pneumatic engine or 
syringe, whereby an uncommon quantity of 
air may be crowded into a given space ; so 
that sometimes ten atmospheres, or ten 
times as much air as there is at the same 
time in the same space, without the engine, 
may be thrown in by means of it, and its 
egress prevented by valves properly dis- 
posed. See Pneumatics. 
CONDIMENTS. Although these are 
not properly alimentary matters, or such 
as become ingredients in the composition 
of the animal fluid ; yet Dr. Cullen says, 
they are taken with advantage along with 
the proper aliments, the digestion and assi- 
milation of which they in some degree mo- 
dify. They are of two kinds, saline or acrid ; 
having this acrimony for the most part re- 
siding in their oily parts. Df the first, the 
chief is sea-salt, and it is especially employ- 
ed for preserving meat, before it is employ- 
ed in diet, for a longer time than it could 
be otherwise preserved from putrefaction. 
For this purpose salt is applied in large 
proportions, and so incorporated with the 
substance of the meat, that it cannot be 
again washed out before the meat is em- 
ployed in diet. Hence it happens, that 
when salted meats are eaten in that condi- 
tion, the salt is often taken in, in large quan- 
tity, and diffused in the mass of blood. If 
the salted meats, however, be taken in mo- 
derate quantity only. Dr. Cullen says, the 
salt has the effect of exciting the powers of 
digestion ; and such meat is often more ea- 
sily digested than entirely unsalted meats ai e. 
Another important condiment is sugar. 
It is certainly antiseptic, and therefore pro- 
perly employed in preventing the putrefac- 
