DRAWING. 
bcautifal raamier they are disposed by the 
Great Author of all things. In colouring 
those fascinating objects, infinite skill is 
required in blending their tints so as to keep 
each clear and bright. In observing birds, 
it will be found that the feathers of the 
head are smallest, whence they proceed to 
the tail in five ranges. In this instance, and 
in drawing animals, every precaution can- 
not be too closely attended to, which will 
give their true characteristics. 
Having completed the necessary instruc- 
tions for drawing, by the improvement of a 
native genius, or inclination for the study of 
the fine arts, which is known to be inherent 
in some, and utterly unknown to the majo- 
rity of mankind, we shall next notice what 
may be termed 
Mechanical drawing, which is indispen- 
sable in many pursuits, and amusing to all 
whose time might be less profitably em- 
ployed. To draw plans, maps, and figures 
of new inventions well, geometry and per- 
spective must be thoroughly understood, 
particularly if elevations and sections of 
buildings are attempted : to proceed regu- 
larly, the free use of the black pencil ought 
to be attained, after which the use of Indian 
ink with a fine pen should be acquired, with 
a facility of drawing lines either with or 
without a ruler, particularly curves beyond 
the range of a small compass : to those are 
to be added the doctrines of light, shade, 
and reflection, and an easy, careless method 
of sliading, which is readily accomplished if 
instruments of any kind are to be copied, 
as they may be placed in the most favour- 
able light at pleasure. Taste is out of the 
question in this branch of the ai t, merely, 
suited to the architect, the philosopher or 
mathematician, and the geographer. Young 
ladies of fortune, and persons fond of plea- 
sant employment, may derive information 
from the following modes of proceeding in 
copying, tracing, &c. &c. 
Tracing paper is readily made by taking 
a sheet of very thin silk, or other paper, 
and rubbing it over gently with some soft 
substance, filled with a mixture of equal 
parts of drying oil and oil of turpentine, 
which suspended and dried will be fit for 
use in a few days, or it may be had at any 
of the colour shops. Lay this transparent 
material on the print or drawing to be trans- 
ferred, and with a sharp black lead pencil 
trace the outlines exactly as they appear 
through the paper. If more permanent or 
stronger lines arc wished, ink mixed with 
ox gall will be nece.ssary to make it adhere 
to the oiled surface. 
Tracing againt the light : there are two 
methods; one to lay the piint, &c. flat 
against a pane of glass, with thin paper over 
it, when the lines appearing through it are 
to be followed by the lead : the other is 
more convenient, and consists of a frame 
inclosing a square of glass, supported by- 
legs, on which the paper is laid as before, 
and a candle placed behind the glass. A 
pen and ink may be used in this manner, 
but they cannot in the former instance. 
Another method of using transparent paper. 
Take a piece of the size required, and rub 
it equally over on one side with black-lead 
reduced to a powder, till the surface will 
not readily soil a finger, then lay a piece of 
white paper with the blacked paper, and 
leaded side next to it, under the print, and 
securing them firmly together with pins at 
the eorners, proceed to trace the outlines 
with a blunt point, and some degree of 
pressure, which will transfer the lead to 
the clean paper precisely in the direction 
the point passed over the print : this may 
be corrected with the black-lead pencil, and 
cleansed of any soil by the crumbs of stale 
bread. 
Copying drawings, Sfc. with fixed materi- 
als. Rub a thin piece of paper thoroughlv 
and equally with fresh butter, and after- 
drying it well by a fire, cover it with black- 
lead, as before mentioned, or with carmine, 
lamp-black, or blue-bice, on the side which 
received the butter. When the operation 
has so fin- succeeded, as that the colour will 
not adhere to any substance passed over it, 
lay the coloured surface on white paper, the 
print on it, and trace the subject through 
with a point as above. 
To transfer any impression with vermiUion. 
Mix the colour with linseed oil in a state 
sufficiently fluid to flow from the point of a 
pen, with which let every line of the print 
be accurately traced; then wet the back of. 
it, and turning tiie face dovynwards on clean 
white dry paper, place other paper on the 
back, and gently riib or press it, till it may 
be supposed the red lines are completely- 
transferred to the paper from the print. 
Writing, or outlines of prints, may be 
conveyed exactly by the following method. 
Mix fine vermiUion with water, of the same 
fluidity as ink, and putting it into a vessel 
containing cotton, use it w'ith a pen in trac- 
ing over the subject, making the lines of the 
same breadth as the original; then wet 
