DYEING. 
produce the least competition in the mar- 
ket witli the real article. 
Nankeen is made of cotton, whose colour 
is naturally such as we see it ; some of the 
best grows in Bhaugalpore in the East In- 
dies ; it would be an object well worth the 
attention of the cotton planters in the West 
India islands, to get over plants or seeds of 
this species of cotton, to raise it for tlie 
English market. Perhaps the Bhaugalpore 
cotton might be imported from the East 
cheap enough for the use of our manufac- 
turers, which would save the nation much 
of the large sums that go out of it annually 
for the purchase of nankeens. 
Of dyeing’ Wool green. 
Having given an account of the most ap- 
proved processes for dyeing the four simple 
colours, black, red, blue, and yellow, we 
now proceed to the compound colours; 
which are so called because in general they 
are produced in dyeing by mixtures of the 
simple colours, though in a few instances 
substances are found which produce some 
of the compound colours without addition. 
To dye woollen green, eitlier a blue or a 
yellow dye may be first given to it ; but 
the first is generally done, because the yel- 
low dye of the stuff would injure the blue 
bath. The intensity of the blue must be 
proportioned to the shade of green required. 
When the blue dye is given, the yellow is 
communicated by some of the processes de- 
scribed. The cloth having first got the pro- 
per ground, is washed at the fulling mill, 
and boiled as for the common process of 
welding ; but when the shade is to be light, 
the proportion of salts should be less. In 
tliis case the quantity of weld used should 
also be less, but for all other shades it 
should be greater than for dyeing simple 
yellow. 
Sulphate of indigo is employed for the 
greens called Saxon greens. Dr. Bancroft 
directs for this dye, that from six to eight 
pounds of quercitron bark, enclosed in a 
bag, should be put into the bath for every 
hundred pounds of cloth, with only a small 
proportion of water, just as it begins to 
grow warm. AVhen the water boils, six 
pounds of murio-sulphate of tin should be 
put in, and a few minutes after, about four 
pounds of alum; these having boiled five 
or six minutes, cold water should be added, 
and tlie fire be diminished, so as to bring 
down the heat of the liquor nearly to what 
the hand is just able to beai-; immediately 
after this as much sulphate of indigo is to 
be added, as will suffice to produce the 
shade of green required, taking care to mix 
it thoroughly with the bath. The cloth, 
previously scoured and moistened, should 
then be expeditiously put into the liquor, 
and turned very briskly through it for a 
quarter of an hour, that the colour may ap- 
ply itself evenly in every part. By these 
means very full, even, and beautiful greens 
may be dyed in half an hour ; but during 
this space it is best to keep the liquor a lit- 
tle below the boiling heat. 
Of dyeing Silk green. 
The silk is first scoured, as for other co- 
lours ; and for light shades the scouring 
must be as complete as for blue. It is tlien 
first dyed yellow in small parcels, (after 
being well alumed, and slightly washed at 
the river) by carefully turning it in the weld 
bath. When it has acquired the proper 
shade of yellow for the green required, 
which is known by trying a pattern in the 
blue vat, it is taken out, washed, and then 
immersed in tiie blue vat. A deeper co- 
lour is given, and the shade varied, by add- 
ing a decoction of logwood, fustic, or anotta 
to the yellow bath, after the weld has been 
taken out. For light shades a lighter ground 
is given. 
For Saxon green from sulphate of indigo, 
the silk is prepared by boiling as for weld- 
ing, and afterwards washed. Then fustic 
in chips, enclosed in a bag, is put into the 
same bath, boiled for an hour and a half, 
and then taken out, and the bath let 
to cool till the hand can bear its heat. A 
pound and a quarter of indigo is added for 
every eighteen yards of stuff; the stuff 
should be first turaed quickly, and after- 
wards more slowly, and it should be taken 
out before the bath boils. 
In Dr. Bancroft’s process for the Saxon 
green, four pounds of quercitron bark, 
three pounds of alum, and two pounds 
of murio-sulphate of tin, are infused in a 
proper quantity of water; the bath is boiled 
ten or fifteen minutes, and when cooled till 
the hand can bear it, is fit for use: by add- 
ing different proportions of sulphate of 
indigo, various beautiful shades of green 
may be obtained. Care must be taken to 
keep the bath constantly stirred to prevent 
the colouring matter from subsiding. Those 
shades which are intended to incline to yel- 
low should be dyed first ; and by adding 
sulphate of indigo, the green having a shade 
of blue may be obtained. 
