Oebek LIJIICOL^.] 
[Fam. CHAEADEIID^. 
STEEPSILAS INTEEPEES. 
(TURNSTONE.) 
Tringa intergyres, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 248 (1766). 
Tringa morinella, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 249 (1776). 
Tringa hudsonica, Muller, Syst. Nat. Suppl. p. 114 (1766). 
Morinella collaris, Meyer and Wolf, Tasch. deutsch. Vogelk. ii. p. 383 (1810). 
Charadrius cinclus, Pall. Zoogr. Rosso-As. ii. p. 148 (1811). 
Strepsilas interpres, Illiger, Prodr. p. 263 (1811). 
Strepsilas collaris, Temm. Man. d’Orn. i. p. 349 (1815). 
Arenaria interpres, Vieill. N. D. d’Hist. Nat. xxxiv. p. 345 (1819). 
Strepsilas horealis, Brehm, Vdg. Deutschl. p. 559 (1831). 
Strepsilas littoralis, Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p. 560 (1831). 
Cinclus morinellus. Gray, List Gen. of B. p. 85 (1841). 
Cinclus interpres. Gray, Gen. of B. iii. p. 549 (1846). 
Strepsilas minor, Brehm, Naum. 1855, p. 289. 
Ad. phi (sshv. pileo et cervice albis, plumis medialiter nigris, quasi striatis ; fascia nigiA frontali ante oculum 
decurrente et unk cum gcnis nigris ad collum laterale conjuncta : regione oculari alba : dorso Imte castaneo, 
plaga magnS, interscapulari utrinque nigra, et ptilosi reliquH plus minusve nigro notata : dorso postico et 
supracaudalibus albis, uropygio nigro; tectricibus alarum pallide ferrugineis, exterioribus nigro notatis, 
majoribus late albo terminatis : remigibus brunneis, et versus apieem saturatioribus, primariis minoribus ad 
basin albis, remigibus minoribus angustb albo terminatis, secundariis latissime albo marginatis, secirndariis 
intimis dorso concoloribus : cauda alba, late brunneo transfasciata, rectricibus duabus centralibus omninb 
brunneis . gula alba, nigro notatH ; gutture et pectore toto superiore nigerrimis : corpore reliquo subtus 
pure albo : rostro nigro : pedibus rubris : iride nigra. 
Ad. ptil. Mem. ubique obsenrior, nigredine brunnescente mixta : vertice nigro albo paullulum vario : gula albida ; 
coloribus ut in ptilosi sestiva agnosccndis sed semper pallidioribus. 
Adult in summer. Forehead and sides of the head white, the former crossed by a narrow band of velvety blaek 
which connects the eyes, and widening helow them, joins a broader band of the same colour, extending from 
the base of the lower mandible on each side of the throat ; erown of the head white, each feather centred 
with hlack ; hind part of neck white, more or less varied with brownish black ; shoulders and upper part of 
the hack glossy black, with a broad irregular mark of chestnut in the line of the spine ; the whole of the 
mantle black, varied with chestnut, and some of the feathers narrowly tipped with white ; the lower part of 
the hack and the upper tail-coverts white j throat white, mottled on the lower part with black, which rapidly 
predominates, the fore part and sides of the breast, up to the insertion of the wings, as well as the rump 
being velvety black; the rest of the body-plumage pure white; the wing-feathers blackish brown, with 
white shafts, and pale grey on their under surface, with darker tips, the inner primaries and the short 
secondaries white towards the base, and narrowly tipped with the same ; the long secondaries dark velvety 
brown, varied on their outer wchs with chestnut ; the small yying-coverts pale ferruginous, varied with chest 
nut and black ; the superior coverts blackish brown, with a conspicuous terminal band of white ; tail-feathers 
white, crossed in their apical portion by a broad band of brownish hlack, which is greater on the two median 
ones, the closed tail appearing to be entirely of that colour beyond the upper coverts. Irides and hill black • 
