Order STEGANOPODES.j 
[Fam. PELECxiNID^. 
PHALACEOCOEAX NOViE HOLLANDS?. 
(BLACK SHAG.) 
Kew-Holland Shag, Lath. Gen. Hist. B. x. p. 431 (1824). 
Fhalacrocorax novce hollandm, Steph. Gen. Zool. xiii. p. 93 (1826). 
Phalacrocorax carhoides, Gould, P. Z. S. 1837, p. 1 66. 
Graucalus carhoides. Gray, in DiefF. Trav. ii., App. p. 201 (1843). 
Gracalus carhoides. Gray, Voy. Ereb. and Terror, Birds, p. 20 (1844). 
Graculus carhoides. Gray, Ibis, 1862, p. 251. 
Graculus carho, Finscb, J. f. O. 1870, p. 375. 
Graculus novm hollandice. Gray, Hand-1, of B. iii. p. 127 (1871). 
Native name. — Kawau. 
Ad. sordide indigotico-niger, nuch4 cristata, pileo summo et colli lateribus fasciis filamentosis parvis ornatis ; 
scapularibus cum tectricibus alarum et secundariis interioribus dare bronzino-brunneis, viridi-uigro 
marginatis : primariis nigricanti-bruuueis ; cauda nigra, supril vix cinerascente lavata : plag&, lata ab oculo 
postico et subter gulam conjunct^, albidfi, : corpore reliquo subtijs indigotico-nigro, viridi nitente, plaga 
hypochondriac^ maxima alba : rostro albido, cubnine et apice bruniiescentibus : plag4 ophthalmic^ guhiquc 
nudis Iffite flavis : pedibus nigris ; iride thalassino-viridi. 
Adult male. Upper part of the head, neck all round, back, rump, and all the under surface of the body shining 
greenish black ; shoulders, scapulars, and wing-coverts bronzy or coppery brown, broadly margined with 
shining greenish black ; a broad patch crossing the throat and connecting the eyes bufEy white, sometimes 
tinged with yellow ; on each thigh a large rounded spot of white, more or less conspicuous in different 
examples; quills and tail-feathers black. Irides sea-green; skin round the eyes and on the gular pouch 
rich yellow, and studded with short scattered feathers ; bill whitish horn-colour, shading into brown on the 
culmcn and towards the tips; legs and feet jet-black. Total length 34‘5 inches; wing, from flexure, 13‘5; 
tail 7 ; bill, along the ridge 2'75, along the edge of lower mandible 3'5 ; tarsus 2 ; longest toe and claw 3'75. 
Obs. In summer the male is adorned with numerous white linear feathers, scattered over the throat and neck, 
and extending about half an inch beyond the permanent feathers ; but these white plumes never assume the 
dense character exhibited in the summer plumage of P. carlo, in which these parts, as well as the crown, 
appear almost entirely white. The thigh-spot is present in summer and winter alike, but owing to the 
presence of long white filaments it is more conspicnous in the breeding-season. I have seen males without 
the thigh-spot, from whieh I eonclude that it is not acquired till after the first moult. The occipital feathers 
are somewhat produced, forming a very slight crest. 
In the middle of autumn I observed a piarty of five at the mouth of the Waikanae river, and in another 
locality seven, not one of them exhibiting the white thigh-spot, from which it may be inferred that the sexes 
separate themselves at this season. 
Female. Has the plumage generally duller and without the white thigh-spot ; crown of the head and neck all 
round blackish brown, minutely stippled or speckled with pale brown, particularly on the fore neck ; breast 
fulvous white mixed with brown, having an indeterminate appearance ; rest of the underparts and under 
surface of wings greenish black slightly glossed; quills and tail-feathers black with greyish shafts. Irides 
dull grey . Total length 32 inches ; extent of wings 48. 
VOL. II. 
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